Cigaba da annoba na iya kara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) wani abu ne da ke haifar da cutar cututtukan fata a cikin wadanda ke fama da rigakafi da kuma wadanda suka dace. Kwayar cuta na iya haifar da ko dai HSV type 1 (HSV-1) ko HSV type 2 (HSV-2), da kuma gabatar da ita a matsayin tsaka-tsaka (kora mai sanyi ko ƙwayar cuta ) ko kuma herpes na al'ada (wanda aka fi sani da herpes ).
HSV mafi yawanci ana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar kai tsaye ta hanyar kai tsaye tare da ciwon sutura ko ciwon jiki na mutum mai cutar, ko da yake kamuwa da cuta zai iya faruwa ko da babu alamun da aka gani.
Shirye-shiryen karewa a cikin nau'i na roba ko ƙananan kwalliya zai iya rage haɗarin watsawa; duk da haka, kamuwa da cuta zai iya faruwa a wasu sassa na jiki ba tare da kwakwalwa ba.
A yau, cututtuka na asibiti yana daya daga cikin cututtukan da aka fi sani da jima'i da ke dauke da jima'i, tare da kimanin sababbin cututtuka 775,000 a Amurka a kowace shekara. Daga cikin wadannan, 80% basu san cewa sun kamu da cutar ba.
HSV Kamuwa da cuta da cututtuka
HSV-1 tana samuwa ne a lokacin yarinya kuma an hade ta da al'adun gargajiya, yayin da HSV-2 ke ɗauke da jima'i kuma yana da rinjaye a tsakanin yankuna na tsakiya tsakanin anus da al'amuran. Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kamuwa da cutar HSV-2 tare da HSV-1 sun zama na kowa, mai yiwuwa saboda al'ada-jima'i na jima'i. A gaskiya ma, nazarin yanzu ya nuna cewa ko'ina daga 32% zuwa 47% na herpes genital shine HSV-1 .
Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da HSV suna da ko dai babu alamar cututtuka ko bayyanar cututtuka waɗanda ba a gane su ba.
Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana, sun fara gabatar da tingling da / ko redness, kuma daga bisani kamar kwayoyin cuta kamar yadda ya ci gaba da shiga cikin sauri, suna kuka. Rashin ciwo yana da zafi ƙwarai kuma yana iya zamawa tare da zazzaɓi da ƙwayar ƙwayar lymph mai kumbura.
Kwayoyin maganganu na yau da kullum suna bayarwa a bakin baki kuma wani lokaci a kan nau'in mucosal na gums.
Hannun jinsi na al'ada an fi sani da shi a kan azzakari, ciki, cinya, kwari, da kuma maza, yayin da yawancin zubar da jini suna fitowa a kan magunguna, pubis, vulva, buttocks, da kuma mata.
Dukkanin layi da layi na al'ada da ke tsakanin lokuta na cutar cuta, wanda zai iya wucewa daga kwana biyu zuwa makonni uku, sannan kuma lokacin da za'a sake gyarawa. Bayan ƙwaƙwalwar farko, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin sun haɗa kansu zuwa kwayoyin jikinsu na jijiyoyin jiki, inda suke kasancewa na rayuwa. HSV zai iya canzawa a kowane lokaci (kuma sakamakon sakamakon wasu mawuyacin hali ), kodayake mita da kuma mummunan annobar cutar sun kasance sun rage a kan lokaci.
Ana yin nazarin asibiti ta hanyar binciken lafiyar mai haƙuri, kodayake magungunan haihuwa suna da wuyar ganewa a matsayin bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama mai sauƙi da sauƙin rikicewa wasu yanayi (irin su cututtuka ko ƙwayar cuta). Ana yin amfani da gwaje-gwaje na laboratory a wasu lokuta don yin ganewar asali, ciki har da gwajin HSV na sabuwar tsara wanda zai iya gane HSV-1 ko HSV-2 tare da fiye da 98% ƙayyadadden bayanai.
Jirgin tsakanin HSV da HIV
A cikin wadanda ba a yarda da su ba, kamar yadda wadanda suke da kwayar cutar HIV, yawancin da alamun bayyanar cutar HSV na iya zama mai tsanani, yada daga bakin ko al'amuran zuwa ƙwayar da ke ciki a cikin huhu ko kwakwalwa.
Saboda haka, an classified HSV a matsayin "yanayin AIDS" wanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV idan ya fi tsawon wata daya ko gabatar da huhu, bronchi ko esophagus.
Har ila yau, akwai ƙarin shaida cewa cutar HIV tana da nasaba da HSV-2. Binciken na yau da kullum ya nuna cewa kamuwa da HSV-2 mai aiki, ko bayyanar cututtuka ko kuma asymptomatic, zai iya ƙara sakin HIV daga ƙwayoyin cutar mucosal a cikin tsarin da ake kira "zubar da jini." A sakamakon wannan zubar, mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV ba su iya ganewa ba, a cikin gaskiya, suna da abubuwan kyamarar hoto a cikin ɓoye na al'ada.
Duk da yake amfani da hadewar maganin cutar antiretroviral (cART) da aka sani don rage yawan rashin lafiyar HSV, ba dole ba ne rage zubar da cutar HIV.
A sakamakon haka, mutane masu kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV da kamuwa da HSV-2 na yau da kullum sune uku zuwa sau hudu mafi kusantar su aika da kwayar cutar ta HIV zuwa wani abokin tarayya.
Hakazalika, masu cutar HIV-masu kirki da ke dauke da kamuwa da HSV-2 mai tsanani suna fuskantar haɗarin haɗarin HIV. Wannan ba wai kawai saboda bude budewa yana samar da sauki ga HIV, amma saboda cutar HIV tana ɗaukar nauyin macrophages da ke samuwa a cikin shafukan yanar gizo na kamuwa da cutar. Yin haka, HIV zai iya amfani da shi ta hanyar iyakokin mucosal daga cikin farji ko kuma kai tsaye a cikin jini.
Jiyya da Rigakafin
Babu magani a ko dai HSV-1 ko HSV-2.
Ana iya amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da cutar Antivira don magance HSV, sau da yawa ana buƙatar mafi dogaro ga masu fama da kwayar cutar HIV. Ana iya yin amfani da kwayoyi a lokaci-lokaci (a kan ƙwayar cuta ta farko ko a lokacin da ake dasu) ko a matsayin mai ci gaba, maganin farfadowa ga wadanda ke fama da annobar cutar.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su guda uku don biyan HSV sune Zovirax (acyclovir) , Valtrex (valacyclovir), da Famvir (famciclovir). Ana gudanar da waɗannan a cikin nau'in kwaya na kwayoyin halitta, ko da yake ana iya magance matsalolin mai tsanani tare da acyclovir mai ciki. Yawancin cututtukan maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi suna dauke da tausayi, tare da ciwon kai, zazzabin zuciya, tashin zuciya, da kuma ƙwayar jiki yana cikin cikin mafi yawan abin da aka lura.
Tsarin HSV na shan magani zai iya rage haɗarin HSV ta hanyar 50%, musamman tare da amfani da robaron roba. Duk da yake ba a tabbatar da farfadowa da maganin cutar HIV ba, binciken daya ya nuna cewa amfani da yau da kullum acyclovir yana hade da ƙwayar cutar kyamaran HIV da ƙananan ciwon jini.
Don rage haɗarin samun ko aikawa da kwayar cutar HIV idan kana da HSV:
- Yi amfani da kwaroron roba a lokacin jima'i, tsauri da kuma jima'i
- Rage yawan abokan ku na jima'i
- Ku guje wa jima'i a lokacin annobar cutar ta herpes
- Samun gwadawa akai-akai don HIV da sauran cututtukan da ake yi da jima'i
Sources:
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka na Amurka (CDC). "Genital Herpes - CDC Fact Sheet." Atlanta, Jojiya; isa ga Maris 26, 2014.
Wald, A. "Genital HSV Infections." Kwayoyin cututtukan da aka haɗu da jima'i. Yuni 2006; 82 (3): 189-190.
Peña, K .; Adelson, M .; Mordechai, E; et al. "Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 a Mata: Sano a Cervicovaginal samfurori daga Gynecological Practices a Amurka." Journal of Clinical Microbiology. Janairu 2010; 48 (1): 150-153.
Corey, L; Wald, A; Celum, C .; et al. "Sakamakon cutar herpes simplex-2 a kan yaduwar cutar HIV-1 da watsawa: nazari kan sauye-sauyen annoba guda biyu." Rajistar Jirgin Ƙunƙasar Ƙaƙwalwar Lalacewa. Afrilu 2004; 35 (5): 435-45.
Grey, R .; Wawer, M .; Brookmeyer, R .; et al. "Bayyana yiwuwar cutar kanjamau HIV-1 ta hanyar aiki a tsakanin maza da mata, maza da mata, da ma'aurata na HIV-1 a Rakai, Uganda." Lancet. Afrilu 2001; 357 (9263): 1149-1153.
Corey, L; Wald, A; Patel, R .; al. "Wani lokaci na yau da kullum don amfani da cututtuka na ƙwayar mata." New England Journal of Medicine. Janairu 2004; 350 (1): 11-20.
Celum, C .; Wald, A; Lingappa, J .; et al. "Acyclovir da kuma watsa HIV-1 daga mutanen da ke dauke da HIV-1 da HSV-2." New England Journal of Medicine. Fabrairu 4, 2010; 362 (5): 427-39.