Masu karɓan saɓo na Organ suna cikin mummunan haɗari na fractures da osteoporosis
Bone cutar bayan an dasa shinge yana da matsala mafi yawa a masu karɓa na karba fiye da yawancin marasa lafiya. Yana da, duk da haka, wani abu da ya kamata a fahimta, zai fi dacewa kafin mutum ya nemi izinin suturar jiki, don haka za'a iya daukar matakan tsaro. A mafi ƙanƙanta, ƙwayar cuta a cikin irin wannan yanayi zai iya haifar da ciwo na kashi, amma a cikin matsanancin hali zai haifar da fractures.
Babu shakka, wannan zai haifar da kyakkyawar rayuwa ta mai haƙuri, kuma zai iya ƙara haɗarin mutuwa.
Wani Organ Transplants Ya Kaiwa Ƙarin Rashin Ƙari na Kashi Cututtuka?
Duk da kwarewa 'rawar da kashiwar kashi, ba kawai marasa lafiya ne tare da gazawar koda (wadanda suka karbi kodin koda) waɗanda suke da haɗari ga cututtuka da ƙashi. Mafi yawan marasa lafiya na kwayoyin halitta (ciki har da wadanda ke karbi koda, zuciya, huhu, hanta, da hawan jini) zasu iya haifar da rikitarwa ciki har da fractures, ciwon nama, osteoporosis, da dai sauransu. Duk da haka, hadarin zai iya bambanta bisa ga kwayoyin da ke ciki. Alal misali, yawancin raunuka a cikin masu karɓa na koda zai iya zama ko'ina daga kashi 6 zuwa kashi 45 cikin 100, yayin da suke fuskantar 22 zuwa 42 bisa dari na masu karɓar zuciya, huhu, ko hanta.
Yaya Rawanin Cututtukan Lalacewa Da Kwayar Da Aka Yi Bayan Guda Juyi?
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, yanayin da zai faru zai bambanta ta hanyar sakon jikin.
Binciken nazari na marasa lafiya 86 da suka karbi koda aka gano cewa masu karɓa sun karu da ninki biyar cikin hadarin fractures a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata bayan sun karbi koda, maimakon tsayayya da matsakaicin mutum. Ko da bayan shekaru 10 na biyo baya, hadarin ya kasance sau biyu. Wannan yana nuna cewa kara yawan hadarin kamuwa da ci gaba yana cigaba da tsawon lokaci bayan dasawa koda.
Fractures, duk da haka, su ne kawai misali daya misali na cutar kashi bayan da sutura sashi. Osteoporosis alama ce ta kowacce. Mun ga wannan a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na kwayoyin halitta tare da juyawa-kashi-kashi (kashi 88), zuciya (kashi 20), hanta (kashi 37), huhu (kashi 73), da ƙashin kashi (kashi 29 cikin dari na masu karɓa).
Yaya tsawon lokacin da zai dauka don bunkasa matsala na lalacewa bayan an dasa shi?
Wani abu mai ban al'ajabi idan yazo da asarar kashi kashi shine yadda sauri marasa lafiya suka rasa kasusuwansu. Koda, koda, zuciya, da hanta masu karɓa na hanta zasu iya rasa kashi 4 zuwa 10 cikin kashi na ma'adinai na nama (BMD) a cikin watanni 6 zuwa 12 na farko bayan fasalin sutura. Don ƙarin godiya ga wannan, kwatanta wannan ƙididdigar zuwa asarar asarar a cikin mace mai yaduwar mata, wanda shine kawai kashi 1 zuwa 2 cikin shekara!
Mene ne ke haifar da lalacewar asara da kuma raguwa a cikin mutanen da suka karbi kwayoyin transplants?
Ganin shi daga wani ra'ayi mai sauƙi, rashawar kashi a cikin mutanen da suka karbi suturar kwayoyin halitta ne saboda abubuwan da suke wanzu kafin zuwan kwayar , da kuma asarar kasusuwa da ke faruwa bayan fasalin kwayoyin .
Hanyoyin haɗari masu jigilar kwayoyin da ke ƙara yawan asarar da ke amfani da komai ga kowa, a bayyane yake dacewa a nan.
Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Dandalin Vitamin D
- Shan taba
- Ciwon sukari
- Babbar shekaru
Amma, bari mu dubi wasu abubuwan haɗari masu mahimmanci dangane da gaɓowar gaɓoɓin da ake ciki:
Pre-dashi Risk Factors
Hadarin abubuwan dake cikin marasa lafiya wadanda suka ci gaba da cutar koda sun hada da:
- Dandalin Vitamin D
- Amfani dashi akai-akai ( wanda ya haddasa asarar kasuwa ), a matsayin magani ga cututtukan koda
- Matsanancin matakan jini a cikin jini, da ake kira metabolic acidosis
- Babban matakan parathyroid hormone a cikin jini (wanda ake kira hyperparathyroidism sakandare ), wanda ke haifar da haɓakar ƙwayar manci daga kashi
Hadarin abubuwan da ke cikin marasa lafiya wadanda ke da hanta cutar sun hada da:
- Abincin jiki, sau da yawa gani a cikin hanta rashin lafiya marasa lafiya
- Cholestasis
- Ƙananan matakan testosterone ko hypogonadism
Halin ƙwayoyin cuta a marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fama da cutar huhu sun hada da:
- Amfani dashi na yau da kullum, don magance cututtuka na huhu, kamar COPD ko fuka
- Shan taba, babban mawuyacin hali don osteoporosis da asarar kasusuwa
- Matsanancin matakan, saboda carbon dioxide riƙe a cikin jini
Bayanan haɗari a marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da cututtukan zuciya sun hada da:
- Amfani da yawan kwayoyin cutar kwayoyi, ko diuretics, wanda zai haifar da asarar manci daga kashi. Misalan sun hada da magunguna kamar furosemide da torsemide.
- Rage aiki na jiki, alama ta kowa a marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya
Bayanin ƙaddamarwar Risk
Matsanancin haɗarin haɗarin da ke haifar da asarar kasuwa zai sabawa wani digiri ko da bayan dasawar jikin. Duk da haka, wasu sababbin abubuwa masu haɗari sun shiga cikin wasan bayan mai haƙuri da rashin karfin jiki ya karɓi sabon sutura. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da:
- Magungunan amfani da kwayoyi : Bayan marasa lafiya sun karbi suturar jiki, suna buƙatar magunguna don su kawar da tsarin su daga "ƙin" sabon kwayar. Tumatir ya zama daya daga cikin wadannan kwayoyi. Abin baƙin ciki shine, steroids rage sabon kashi kashi ta hanyar hana wani nau'in kwayar halitta mai suna "Osteoblast." Sun kuma kara yawan asarar kasuwa ta hanyar motsa wasu kwayoyin halitta da ake kira "osteoclast." A wasu kalmomi, idan kun kasance a kan steroids, kuna kone fitilu a iyakokin biyu. Akwai wasu hanyoyin da masu tasirin kwayar cutar ke shafar, wanda ba su da iyakacin wannan labarin (wani abu da ake kira ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa na Receptor Activator na Dandalin Maganin Nukiliya B) wanda zai haifar da asarar kashi.
- Calcinurin mai amfani da amfani : Kamar dai kwayoyin steroids, waɗannan su ne wasu nau'in magungunan da ake amfani dasu don hana ginin shinge. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da cyclosporine, tacrolimus, da dai sauransu. Wadannan zasu iya haifar da hasara mai yawa, amma yawanci zai shawo kan kodan 'iyawa don juya vitamin D zuwa tsari mai mahimmanci (wanda shine mahimmanci don kafa kashi), wani abu da ake kira kunnawa.
Ta Yaya Zaku Bayyana Harshen Cutar Mara lafiya a cikin Marasawan Da Suka Sami Mako Guda?
Kwanan "ma'auni na zinariya" don tantance samuwa na cutar kasuwa a cikin masu karɓa na karba shi ne kwayar halitta , wanda ya hada da yin amfani da allura a cikin kashi, kuma yana duban shi a karkashin wani microscope don yin ganewar asali. Tun da yawancin marasa lafiya ba babban magoya baya ne ba wanda ya danne gilashi a cikin ƙasusuwansu, ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje marasa amfani don kima farko. Kodayake sananne mai kyau DEXA (wanda aka yi amfani dashi don tantance ƙananan ma'adinai) shine gwajin da aka saba amfani dashi don tantance yawan kwayoyin halitta a yawancin jama'a, yana iya iya hango hasashen cututtuka na rarraba a jikin adadin mutane ba a tabbatar ba. Daga hanyar da ake amfani da ita, jarrabawar har yanzu an ba da umurni kuma babbar kungiya ta bada shawarar cewa kamar Ƙasar Amirka na Canji da KDIGO.
Wasu gwaje-gwaje na taimakawa ko jarabawa sun haɗa da gwaje-gwaje don alamun ƙananan kashi kamar nauyin ƙwayar osteocalcin da ƙananan matakan alkaline phosphatase. Kamar DEXA scan, babu wani daga cikin waɗannan da aka binciken a cikin ikon iya hango ko hasashen fracture hadarin a cikin marasa lafiya transplant.
Yin maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka a cikin Organ Transplant Patients
Tsarin gwargwadon iyaka suna dacewa da yawan jama'a, kamar yadda suke ga mai karɓa. Wadannan sun haɗa da motsa jiki mai nauyin nauyi, shan tabawa, shiryarwa mai gina jiki tare da alli da kuma karin kariyar bitamin D.
Ƙididdiga na musamman dangane da lamarin haɗari don ƙayyadadden masu karɓar karɓa kuma sun haɗa da:
- Guje wa steroids, idan za ta yiwu, a matsayin ɓangare na hadaddiyar kwayoyi masu amfani da kwayoyi da ake amfani da su don hana haɓakar shinge na kwaya. Duk da haka, wannan yana buƙatar ɗaukar nauyin haɗarin ƙwayar jikin.
- Wani nau'i na magungunan da ake amfani dasu don wannan matsala shine wani abu da ake kira " bisphosphonates ," wanda aka yi amfani da su don hanawa da kuma magance cututtukan kashi a cikin jama'a a steroid. Kodayake wasu binciken sun nuna waɗannan magunguna don su kasance masu tasiri a kan hanawa da kuma magance asarar ƙashi, bayan haka, babu wani bayanan da ya tabbatar da cewa bisphosphonates na iya rage haɗarin ainihin fractures.
> Sources
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> Leidig-Brukner G, Hosch S, Dodidou P, et al. Yawancin lokaci da masu hango kwakwalwa na cututtukan osteoporotic bayan cututtukan zuciya ko hanta halayen: nazarin binciken. Lancet. 2001; 357 (9253): 342-347
> Shane E, Papadopoulos A, Staron RB, et al. Rashin lalacewa da rushewa bayan tsirgigar daji. Canji. 1999; 68 (2): 220-227
> Sprague SM, Josephson MA. Cututtukan cututtuka bayan ƙwayar koda Nerolrol. 2004; 24 (1): 82-90
> Vantour LM, Melton LJ 3rd, Clarke BL, Achenbach SJ, Oberg AL, McCarthy JT. Rigar lokaci mai raguwa bayan ƙaddamarwa na ainihi: nazarin yawan jama'a. Osteoporos Int. 2004; 15 (2): 160-167