Fluorescence A Cikin Gudanar da Ƙungiya
Fluorescence a cikin wuri hybridization (FISH) yana daya daga cikin dabaru da yawa amfani da su don bincika kwayoyin halittar 'DNA', neman fuska ko babu wasu kwayoyin halitta ko kuma wasu nau'in kwayoyin halitta.
Yawancin ciwon daji daban-daban suna hade da halayen kwayoyin halitta. Kuma ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta, ba kawai muna magana game da rashin lafiya ba. A tsawon rayuwan, kwayoyin zasu iya yin kuskure lokacin da suke raba da girma.
Hanyoyin da ke cikin DNA da ke hade da ciwon daji na iya tarawa a cikin wadannan kwayoyin halitta.
Yaya Yayi Ayyukan FISH?
FISHAN wata hanya ne da ke amfani da bincike mai zurfi don gano kwayoyin halitta ko sassan kwayoyin halitta (DNA jerin). Ma'aikatan labarun kiwon lafiya da masu nazarin ilimin halitta sunyi amfani da FISH don taimakawa wajen tantance marasa lafiya wanda ke iya samun ciwon daji, da kuma wani lokaci don duba wanda ya rigaya an gano shi da ciwon daji da kuma bi da shi.
Kuna iya yin amfani da nau'o'in samfurori daban-daban bisa ga wurin da kuma irin ciwon daji da ake zaton: Kwayoyin tumor da aka samo daga jinin jiki, daga kasusuwan kwayar halitta ko daga kwayar cutar kumburi, kuma formalin gyaran kafa na paraffin (wannan yana nufin samfurin nama wanda aka sarrafa a cikin lab kuma an saka shi cikin wani irin kakin zuma, yana sa shi ya fi tsayi, don haka za'a iya sliced a cikin sassan jiki kuma an saka shi don kallo a karkashin microscope).
Menene Ma'anar Lissafi ke Ma'anar?
H "H" a cikin FISH yana nufin daidaitawa.
A cikin kwayoyin matasan, ana amfani da jerin DNA ko RNA jerin suna a matsayin bincike - duba hoton Lego na Burtaniya, idan kuna so. An yi amfani da bincike don neman takarda na Lego, ko jerin DNA, a cikin samfurin nazarin halittu.
DNA a cikin samfurinka kamar kamannin lego na Lego, kuma mafi yawan tubalin cikin wadannan batuna ba zai dace da binciken mu ba.
Kuma dukkan tubalinku an tsara su a cikin nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i ne - nau'in ɗayan yana daya daga cikin chromosomes na homologous biyu, fiye ko žasa. Ba kamar labaru na Lego ba, binciken lego na Lego yana kama da mai karfi mai mahimmanci kuma ya samo ta ba tare da yadawa ba ta wurin tara.
A "F" yana nufin fluorescence. Namu binciken bincike na bincike zai iya rasa a cikin tubalin tubalin, saboda haka an lakafta shi tare da launi mai launin launin launin ruwan don ya yi haske. Lokacin da ya samo wasansa daga cikin nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i ne. Don haka, yanzu za ku ga yadda masu bincike da likitoci zasu iya amfani da FISH don taimakawa wajen gane inda (wane nau'in, ko wanda yake chromosome) wani samfurin na musamman ne ga wani mutum.
"I" da "S" suna tsayawa a wuri . Wannan na nufin gaskiyar lego na Lego yana neman abin da ya dace a cikin samfurin da kuka ba .
Menene Game da Magunguna Cikin Musamman?
FISHI da sauran hanyoyin yin amfani da su a cikin wuri suna amfani dasu don tantance abubuwa masu yawa na chromosomal-canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halitta, canje-canje a cikin chromosomes, ciki har da wadannan:
Share - ɓangare na chromosome ya tafi
Tsarin hawa - ɓangare na daya daga cikin ƙwayoyin chromosome ya rushe da sandunansu akan wani chromosome
Juyawa - wani ɓangare na chromosome ya ƙare kuma ya sake komawa baya, amma a cikin tsari na baya
Kwafi - ɓangare na chromosome yana samuwa a cikin yawancin ɗakunan cikin tantanin halitta
Kowace irin ciwon daji zai iya samun tsarin kansa na canje-canje na chromosomal da bincike masu dacewa. FISHA ba kawai taimakawa gano farkon canjin halittar kwayar cutar a cikin tsarin cuta kamar ciwon daji, amma ana iya amfani dasu don saka idanu ga maganin farfadowa da maganin cutar.
Kwayoyin halittar da FISH ta gano yana ba da ƙarin bayani game da yadda mutum zai iya ciwon daji, bisa ga abin da aka gani a baya a cikin mutane da irin wannan ciwon daji da kuma irin canjin yanayi. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da FISH bayan an riga an samo asali, don tattara ƙarin bayani wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen hango sakamakon mai haƙuri ko magani mafi kyau.
FISH za ta iya gano abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin leukemias , ciki har da cutar cutar sankarar lymphocytic na kullum (CLL). Domin cutar cutar sankarar jini da ƙananan lymphoma, ƙananan lymphoma na lymphocytic, FISH yana ba marasa lafiya damar gano sashensu nagari: kyau, matsakaici, ko matalauta. A cikin kwayar cutar ciwon sankarar lymphoblastic mai zurfi (ALL), jinsunan leukemic sel zasu iya gaya maka game da hadarin ƙwayar ciwon daji da kuma taimakawa wajen jagorancin yanke shawara.
Harsunan FISH suna samuwa ga lymphoma, ƙwayar myeloma, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin plasma cellular rikicewa da kuma ciwon myelodysplastic. A cikin yanayin lymphoma na mantle, alal misali, akwai fassarar da FISH za ta iya ganewa GH / CCND1 t (11; 14) wanda ake danganta da wannan lymphoma.
Me yasa FISH?
Amfani da FISH shine cewa ba za'a yi a kan kwayoyin dake raba rayuka ba. Nazarin cytogenetic yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni uku, saboda ciwon daji na kwayar cutar dole ne yayi girma a cikin lab na kimanin makonni 2 kafin a gwada su. Ya bambanta, yawancin FISH yana samuwa daga lab a cikin 'yan kwanaki.
> Sources:
> Cancer Cytogenetic Testing CPT Codes.
> Fluorescence A Cikin Gudanarwa (FISHI). http://www.genome.gov/10000206#al-2.
> Fluorescence A Cikin Gudanarwa (FISHI). http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization-fish-327.
> Wolff DJ, Bagg A, Cooley LD, et al. Jagora don Fluorescence a Cikin Gudanar da Samun Samun Samun Samun Kwayoyin cuta a cikin Harkokin Halitta. Littafin Labaran Magungunan Lafiya: JMD. 2007; 9 (2): 134-143.