Kullun fata shine maiguwa, mai karfi, kututtuka wanda ba ya da yawa fiye da daya din diamita (kadan fiye da rabin inci) kuma yana hade da yawan fata, mafi yawan psoriasis. Kalmar plaque ita ce Faransanci don "farantin" abin da ya dace saboda jigilar ta sau da yawa suna kama da launi.
Bayani
Kullin fata, ko launi na farko, zai iya zama lebur ko ya bayyana a matsayin wuri mai tsabta na fata wanda ba'a gani a sama da fatar jiki.
Rubutun fata zasu iya ƙayyade iyakoki ko ba haka ba, kuma suna iya ɗaukar nau'i daban-daban, ciki har da:
- Annular (ring-dimbin yawa)
- Arcuate (rabin wata-dimbin yawa)
- Polygonal (bambance-bambance ba da lissafin ba)
- Polymorphic (bambancin siffofi)
- Serpiginous (maciji-dimbin yawa)
- Poikilodermatous (variegated)
Plaques na iya bayyana a ko'ina cikin jiki, amma suna bayyana sau da yawa a kan gefuna, gwiwoyi, kunya da ƙananan baya. Yawan adadin fata da alamun da ke dauke da shi ya bambanta. Wasu lokuta a kan fata akwai 'yan kananan ƙananan siffofin da suke kama da dandruff; Sauran lokutan suna babban ɓarna ne wanda ke rufe sassa mafi girma na jiki, kamar magunguna.
Cutar cututtuka
Kwayoyin cututtukan da ke tattare da nau'o'i sun bambanta dangane da yanayin fata wanda yake (duba ƙasa). Duk da haka, duk da haka, akwai wasu alamun alamun da ke hade da alamun da aka danganta da kowane yanayin:
- Itching da konewa
- Soreness (sau da yawa mai zurfi, rashin fahimta)
- Ƙusarwa da ƙyama a kan gidajen abinci inda aka samo plaques
Dalilin
Akwai wasu hanyoyi daban-daban a baya bayan kafa takardu, kodayake anyi nazarin psoriasis mafi yawa.
Kodayake ainihin hanyar psoriasis ba a sani ba, anyi tunanin cewa za'a hade shi da tsarin rigakafi da wani nau'in jini na jini: T lymphocyte T, ko " T cell ". Kwayoyin T suna aiki kullum don kawar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cuta, amma ga waɗanda suke tare da psoriasis, ƙwayoyin T suna da haɗari kuma suna gujewa ƙwayoyin fata.
Hakanan, akwai ƙwayar jikin fata mai kyau da kuma sauran kwayoyin T da jini, wanda ya rushe zane-zubar da fata.
Sabbin fata sun sami matsanancin matsanancin fata na fata kuma da sauri: a cikin kwanakin da yawanci yake ɗaukar makonni. Saboda mutuwar fata da jini mai tsabta ba za su iya zubar da hanzari ba, suna ginawa kuma suna haifar da rassan, waxanda suke da alaƙa a farfajiya.
Ƙungiyoyi masu dangantaka
Akwai nau'i daban-daban na rashes fata da kuma yanayin da alamun zasu kasance. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Eczema - Har ila yau ana kiran labarun dermatitis, ko ƙananan cututtuka, rashes (da kuma plaques) daga kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin cutar suna da alaka da wani rashin lafiyar wani abu wanda ya shiga cikin fata da fata.
- Psoriasis - Yanayin da ke shafar kashi biyu cikin dari na yawan jama'a, rashes na psoriasis suna da alaƙa da wasu dalilai da dama ciki har da tsarin tsarin rigakafi, jigilar kwayoyin halitta, da abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli. Akwai nau'o'in psoriasis daban-daban, amma plaque psoriasis , wanda aka fi sani da psoriasis vulgaris, shine mafi yawan tsari.
- Rawantar daji - A matsayin ɗan gajeren lokaci na raguwa, tausayi yana faruwa ne a mafi yawan yara da matasa. Ba a san wannan dalili a yanzu ba, amma ana iya bambanta da wasu lokuta na fata wanda zai haifar da takalma ta fata ta wurin kasancewa mai launi mai launi , babban launi wanda zai iya zama inci zuwa inci biyar a diamita wadda take farawa.
- Seborrheic dermatitis - Wani cututtukan fata na ƙwayar cuta wanda ke shafar fata wanda yake da launi mai zurfi, seborrheic shine mafi kyau da aka sani da matsayin yanayin da ke haifar da dandruff.
- Tinea versicolor - Har ila yau ake kira tausayawa mai zurfi, tinea versicolor yana da rikicewa da sauran rashes. Kwayar cuta ne da ke haifar da ƙwayar Pityrosporum orbiculare da Pityrosporum ovale da ke samuwa a kan fatar jiki da gashin gashi . Ya zama matsala ne kawai idan akwai tsinkaye na naman gwari. Tunda mai yisti mai lalata ya kashe samar da melanin ta hanyar melanocytes (sinadaran da ke haifar da tan), rash yana sau da yawa ne, yana da haske fiye da kewaye da fata. Akwai yanayi da yawa waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin wannan yanayin, mafi yawan ciki har da ciki. Ana iya bincikar shi a hanyar da ta dace da sauran cututtuka, amma ana iya gani a cikin asibiti tare da fitilar Woods. (A karkashin baƙar fata baƙan haske yana haskaka rawaya.)
- Ringworm - Ringworm, wanda aka fi sani da tinea corporis, wani ƙwayar cuta ne wanda zai iya haifar da da yawa daban-daban fungi da ake kira dermatophytes. Da fungi yana rayuwa a kan kwayoyin halitta a kan fatar jiki, kuma yayi girma da yawa tsakanin yatsun hannu da yatsun kafa, a kan ɓarna, Tsarin naman gwari ya bunƙasa a cikin yanayi mai tsabta kuma yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin kokawa, saboda kusantar da shi da suma. Tsarancin tsabta yana iya ƙara haɗari.
Sanin asali
Plaques ne kawai daga cikin nau'o'in nau'i na farko wadanda ke nuna cutar fata. Plaques na iya zama wani abu na kalubalanci don gano asali saboda akwai yanayin fata da yawa wanda zai iya haifar da alamomi, amma akwai wasu abubuwan da zasu iya taimakawa wajen gaya wa wadannan raguwa. Alal misali, alamomi na dermatitis sunadarai ne, tsuma, ja kuma yawanci ana samuwa a jikin sassan jiki, ciki har da fuska da kirji. Ƙunƙwasawa a cikin harshe suna farawa tare da ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da labari. Har ila yau, kwallun suna kama da rassan bishiyoyi.
Za'a iya amfani da haske na Wood don tantance tinea versicolor, wanda kuma zai iya bambanta saboda hypopigmentation. Kwalejin KOH zai iya zama tabbatacce tare da wasu daga cikin waɗannan yanayi. Wani lokaci, ganewar asali ba za a iya yin gani ba tare da yin amfani da gwaje-gwajen gwajin, kuma za a buƙaci jikin mutum fata don tantance cutar fata.
Jiyya
Kula da takalmin fata yana dogara ne akan maganin cutar fata. Wannan ya ce, ba tare da cutar fata ba wadda suke haɗuwa, sau da yawa sukan karbi maganin tare da kirkiro ko maganin shafawa , kamar corticosteroid ko retinoid . Magungunan maganganu, kamar antihistamine, za'a iya yin wajabta don taimakawa wajen tafiyar da itching (yayatawa zai iya haifar da wani mummunan zagayowar tare da wasu daga cikin waɗannan yanayi.) Ana iya biyan psoriasis ta hanyar amfani da haske.
Tsabtace tsabta, yin amfani da shi akai-akai ga mai moisturizer, oatmeal wanka da kuma hasken rana (yayin da yake saka SPF, ba shakka) an ce duk da haka ba za su iya kare kullun ba.
> Sources:
> Errichetti, E., da G. Stinco. Dermoscopy a cikin General Dermatology: A Practical Overview. Dermatology da Far . 2016 6 (4): 71-507.
> Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, da Stephen L .. Hauser. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison. New York: Ilimin Mc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.