Kalmar nan "cututtukan gallbladder" ya bayyana duk wani matsalar kiwon lafiya wanda ke shafar gallbladder.
Duk da yake mafi yawan dalilin cutar cututtuka shine gallstones (wanda ake kira cholelithiasis), akwai wasu ƙananan cututtuka, ciki har da ƙananan ƙumburi (da ake kira cholecystitis), biliary dyskinesia, cutar gallbladder, na farko sclerosing cholangitis, da kuma gallbladder ciwon daji.
Abubuwa masu yawa
Gallstones sune bayyanar yawan cutar cututtuka da kuma samfurin saboda yawancin cholesterol ko bilirubin (alade da aka sanya a cikin hanta lokacin da aka rutsa jini jini).
Gelstones sune lu'ulu'u ne da suke samarwa a cikin gallbladder, wanda shine kwayar fata ne mai nau'in pear dake cikin ƙananan hagu na ciki a ƙarƙashin hanta. Babbar manufar ka shine ta adana ruwa, wanda ake kira bile, wanda aka haifa ta hanta. Bile wajibi ne don digingwa da kuma shayar da mai da wasu bitamin daga abincin da kuke ci.
Tare da cholesterol gallstones , your bile yana "rufe" tare da cholesterol kuma ba zai iya kwashe shi kamar shi kullum ya aikata, don haka duwatsu kafa. Yawancin mutanen da ke da gallstones a Amurka suna da ƙwayar cholesterol.
Hannun gallstones zai iya samuwa idan akwai bilirubin da yawa. Yanayin lafiya kamar cirrhosis (yawancin bilirubin da hanta) da cututtukan ciwon sikila (inda yatsun jini suka rushe) na iya haifar da duwatsu masu launi.
A ƙarshe, gallstones zai iya samuwa idan ɓarnarar ba ta da kyan gani daidai (yadda ake kira bile stasis).
Wasu daga cikin abubuwan haɗari don ƙaddamar gallstones sun haɗa da:
- Halin mace
- Shekaru sama da 40
- Hawan ciki
- Kiba
- Kwayoyi da yawa a cikin cholesterol, masu carbohydrates mai fadi (misali, gurasa marar gurasa), da fatsari (misali cuku, man shanu, da nama mai nama)
- Sedentary salon
- Raƙarin nauyi mai nauyi
- Kwayoyin cututtuka (alal misali, ciwon sukari, ciwo na rayuwa, cirrhosis, cutar Crohn, cystic fibrosis, cututtukan ciwon sikila, ko ciwo na kashin baya)
- Magunguna da ke dauke da estrogen, kamar maganin ƙwararru ko maganin maganin hormone
- Sauran magunguna irin su Sandostatin (octreotide), Rocephin (ceftriaxone), da kuma diyyar rubutun thiazide kamar Microzide (hydrochlorothiazide)
Ƙananan dalilai
Yawancin sauran dalilai sun danganta da cututtukan cutar.
Cholecystitis
Kumburi na gallbladder (wanda ake kira cholecystitis) zai iya bunkasa sakamakon sakamakon gallstones (wanda ake kira m cholecystitis) ko žasa da yawa, ba tare da gallstones (wanda ake kira mikakke cholecystitis) ba.
Kwayoyin cholecystitis mai tsanani yakan auku ne lokacin da wani gallstone ya zama a cikin cikin ƙwayar cuta, wanda zai haifar da ƙonewa. Bugu da ƙari, irin ciwon daji (biliary colic) na samun gallstone, mutum zai iya samun zazzabi, tashin zuciya, vomiting, malaise, da / ko hasara na ci. Wani yawan ƙwayar jinin jini mai yawa ya kasance a halin yanzu.
Hanyar cholecystitis mai ban mamaki yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka da alamu kamar yadda ake kira cholecystitis, duk da haka, babu wani gallstone. Maimakon haka, masana sunyi imanin wannan yanayin sakamako daga gallbladder stasis da ischemia (matalauta jini ya kwarara).
Irin wannan cuta na gallbladder yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya.
Wasu dalilai da ke bunkasa damar mutum na bunkasa cututtuka masu banmamaki gallbladder sun hada da:
- Magunguna masu tsanani (alal misali, cutar sankarar rigakafi mai tsanani, AIDs, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, cututtukan zuciya da rashin ciwon zuciya, cututtukan koda na ƙarshe, da kuma vascularitis)
- Burns
- Yara haihuwa
- Tsarin maganin rigakafi
- Babban kamuwa da cuta ko cuta
- Wasu magunguna (alal misali, opiates)
- Yawan karuwa
- Gudanancin iska
- Samun abinci ta hanyar jikinka (wanda ake kira yawan abinci mai gina jiki parenteral)
Biliary Dyskinesia
Biliary dyskinesia ya bayyana rashin ciwo na tsarin biliary duct system wanda ya danganci rashin aikin aiki na sphincter na Oddi-tsarin kwayar halitta wanda ke kewaye da yankin inda kwamin bile na kowa ya haɗa tare da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta yayin da suke shiga ƙananan hanji.
Tun lokacin da Oddi ba ya aiki sosai a cikin wannan cuta, haɗin biliary zai iya faruwa. Wadannan lokuta na biliary obstruction yana haifar da ciwo-irin ciwo-mummunan, ciwo mai tsanani a cikin hagu na dama ko na sama na ɓangaren ciki.
Duk da yake duban dan tayi na iya bayyana wata hanya mai zurfi na bile, wani gwajin da ake kira sphincter na sharuddan Oddi za a iya amfani dashi don gano ainihin biliary dyskinesia. Idan tsinkayar Oddi ya karu (gwajin ya tabbata), mutum zai iya shawo kan sphincter (wanda ake kira endoscopic sphincterotomy).
Babu tabbacin abin da ke haifar da dyskinesia biliary. Yawanci mafi yawan lokuta ne a cikin mutanen da suka kayar da gallbladders; kodayake mafiya yawan mutanen da suka yi watsi da gallbladders ba su shawo kan dyskinesia biliary. Wasu masana sun bayar da shawarar cewa wannan cuta zai haifar da asarar ko asarar gajiya ga tsokawar sphincter.
Gallbladder Disorder
Cutar da ke aiki na aiki yana nufin mutanen da ke fama da ciwo na biliary (rashin jin daɗi a cikin hagu ko dama na ciki) in babu gallstones ko sphincter na dasfunction Oddi.
Mutanen da ke fama da cutar gallbladder suna da gwajin jini na al'ada, ba tare da shaidar nuna kumburi ko hanta ba. Har ila yau, suna da magungunan tarin kwayoyi na gallbladder ba tare da shaidar gashin gallstones ba.
Bayan ya fitar da wasu ka'idodin da za su iya ɗaukar ciwon biliary (alal misali, cututtukan zuciya ko cututtuka na fata), mutum zai iya fuskantar gwajin da ake kira cholecystokinin (CCK) - ya ƙaddamar da cholescintigraphy don tabbatar da ganewar asalin gallbladder cuta.
Wannan gwaji yana lissafin sashi na hawan jini na gallbladder (nawa mai yawa ya bar gallbladder). Idan rabi na haɓaka yana da ƙasa, kamar kasa da kashi 40, gwaji yana goyan bayan ganewar asali na cuta gallbladder. Yin maganin wannan cuta ya haɗa da kawar da gallbladder (wanda ake kira cholecystectomy).
Duk da yake har yanzu ba a sani ba, yana yiwuwa mutane masu fama da ƙwayar motsa jiki (alal misali, ƙazantattun abubuwan haɗari) na iya zama haɗari ga ƙwayar cuta gallbladder.
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Cikakken sclerosis cholangitis (PSC) wani cuta ne na tsawon lokaci wanda ke haifar da kumburi na bile. Saboda ciwon kumburi na yau da kullum, ƙananan bile duwatsun ya zama abin ƙyama, yana haifar da damuwa, don haka bile ba zai iya magudana ba. A sakamakon haka, bile yana gina cikin hanta, yana lalata kwayoyin hanta kuma haifar da cirrhosis. Idan ba a bi da shi tare da hawan hanta, PSC zai iya haifar da ciwon hanta da / ko gallbladder.
Babban lamarin haɗari ga bunkasa PSC yana da ciwon ulcerative colitis. A gaskiya ma, mafi yawan mutanen da ke tare da PSC suna da ciwon zuciya. A gefen kwalliya, kawai ƙananan yawan mutane tare da ciwon ƙwayar cuta na ƙarshe sun inganta PSC.
Gallbladder Ciwon daji
Ciwon daji na Gallbladder yana da wuya kuma yana faruwa a lokacin da kwayoyin halitta a cikin gallbladder suka karu da sauri kuma ba a iya ganewa ba.
Dukkanin gallstones da na farko na sclerosis cholangitis ƙara wa mutum dama na bunkasa ciwon gallbladder, ko da yake gallstones sun fi kowa. A gaskiya ma, a cewar Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka, akalla mutane uku daga cikin mutane hudu da ciwon daji na gallbladder suna da gallstones lokacin da aka gano su.
Sauran abubuwan haɗari ga ƙaddamar da cututtuka na gallbladder sun hada da:
- Halin mace
- Ya tsufa
- Kiba
- Ƙasar (Amurka ta Amirka ko Amirkawa)
- Kwace cuta tare da kwayoyin cuta, Salmonella Typhi
- Tsirrai a cikin ƙauye na bile
- Gallbladder polyps
- Abubuwa masu yawa na bile ducts
> Sources:
> Afdhal N. (2017). Abin ban mamaki cholecystitis. Bayanin motsa jiki, ganewar asali, da kuma gudanarwa. Ashley SW, Lindor KD (ed). UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Cibiyar Ciwon Ƙwayar Yammacin Amirka. (2016). Menene Abubuwan Dama Ga Gallbladder Cancer?
> Catalano MF, Thosani NC. (2016). Bayyanawa na asibiti da kuma ganewar asali na tsinkayar Oddi dysfunction. Howell DA (ed). UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Jessri M, Rashidkhan B. Tsarin abinci da kuma hadarin cututtukan cutar gallbladder: Bincike a kan asibitoci a cikin mata masu girma. J Health Popul Nutr. 2015 Mar, 33 (1): 39-49.
> Stinton ML, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology na Gallbladder cuta: Cholelithiasis da Ciwon daji. Gut Liver . 2010 Afrilu 6 (2): 172-87.