Glanden parathyroid ne kananan gland, game da girman ƙananan wake, dake kusa da glandar thyroid a wuyansa. Wadannan glanders suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara tsarin alli a cikin jiki. Duk da yake cututtuka na iya shafar wannan glanden, ciwon daji yana da wuya.
Duk da yake glanden parathyroid da glandon thyroid sunyi kama da sunaye kuma suna tsaye da juna, ba su dogara ga juna suyi aiki.
Yanayi
Gilashin Parathyroid suna da alhakin gyaran ƙwayoyin, wani abu mai muhimmanci a cikin jiki don ciwon daji da kuma aikin muscle. Calcium an tsara shi ta hanyar hormone da ake kira parathyroid hormone, ko PTH.
Lokacin da matakan calcium a cikin jini ya zama ƙasa, PTH yana karfafa sakin kullin daga kashi. Har ila yau, yana tayar da haɓo na alli a cikin kodan da ke nufin ƙananan alli mai ƙwayar shi ne a cikin fitsari. Bugu da ƙari, PTH ta canza dabi'ar bitamin D zuwa nau'in bitamin D. Wannan nau'i na bitamin D yana ƙaruwa da ɗaukar calcium a cikin gut, wanda hakan ya kara yawan matakan calcium a cikin jini.
Lokacin da matakan calcium ya kasance a cikin jini, ƙwayar parathyroid din ta rage yawan aikin PTH. Wannan yana hana ƙwayar daga samuwa daga kasusuwa kuma yana ba da damar samun karin ƙwayar jikin a cikin fitsari.
Hyperparathyroidism
Kamar sauran kwayoyin da gland a cikin jiki, parathyroid ne mai sauki ga cutar.
Ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan da ke shafar glandar parathyroid shine hyperparathyroidism na farko, wanda ke nuna nau'in glandon parathyroid da kuma rashin ƙarfin kwayar cutar PTH. Adabin hyperparathyroidism na farko shi ne yawancin ciwon sukari ne (wanda ba wanda zai iya yiwuwa) a cikin daya daga cikin ciwon sanyi na parathyroid ko jujjuyawar gland shine ake kira paraproid hyperplasia.
Babu shakka, ciwon daji na parathyroid gland shine dalilin.
Magungunan hyperparathyroid na sakandare na iya faruwa ne sakamakon rashin nauyin bitamin D. Wannan shi ne saboda rashin karancin bitamin D yana haifar da digo a cikin jiki, wanda ya haifar da glandar parathyroid don saki PTH. Kwayar cututtuka na iya haifar da hyperparathyroidism saboda nau'in bitamin D ba shi da kyau don ya zama mai amfani bitamin D.
Wasu cututtuka, kamar ciwon daji na huhu , na iya saki hormone wanda yake da dangantaka da kuma haɓaka hormone na parathyroid, yana haifar da alamar cututtuka na hyperparathyroid kamar ƙwayar tsoka, gajiya, damuwa, da maƙarƙashiya.
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism, wanda ba shi da alamar parathyroid ba shi da kyau, yana iya faruwa - ko da yake wannan ba shi da mawuyaci, tun da yawancin mutane suna da nau'in parathyroid na 4, saboda haka yawanci suna da baya. Mafi sanadin hanyar hypoparathyroidism shine lalacewar gland lokacin da ke yin wuyan wuyansa, kamar lokacin aikin tiyata.
Sauran cututtuka sun haɗa da cututtuka na kwayoyin haihuwa, cututtuka na asibiti , ƙwayar hanta da ake kira Wilson, cutar ƙarfe , ko ciwon daji wanda ke yadawa ko kuma matakan da ya dace da glandon parathyroid.
Abin da wannan ke nufi a gare ku
Idan likitan ka na da matsala tare da glandar parathyroid ko ƙwayoyin calcium, za a kira ka a matsayin likitan gwaji.
Labari mai kyau shine sanadin cututtuka na cututtuka na parathyroid, kamar na hyperparathyroidism na farko, za'a iya bi da su yadda ya kamata.
Sources:
Mills, SE. Histology For Pathologists, Buga na Uku. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
Nussey S. Endocrinology: Tsarin Hanya. Babi na 5: Jirgin parathyroid da bitamin D.