An yi amfani da Heroin a Amurka; Har ila yau, cututtuka na iya.
Hanyoyin amfani da heroin sun hawa a Amurka a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Heroin overdose mutuwa ya karu kusan 4 ninka. Fiye da mutane 8000 suka mutu a Amurka daga overdoses kowace shekara. Yawan kuɗin da ake yi na zalunci ya ninka a tsakanin mata kuma ya karu da kashi 50 cikin 100 a cikin maza a Amurka.
Kwayoyin cututtuka suna fama da yawancin cutar.
Bayan mutuwar kai tsaye daga overdoses, aikin heroin yana kuma hade da cututtuka wanda zai iya - a hankali ko a kaikaice - shafi mutane tsawon bayan miyagun ƙwayoyi sun watsar da tsarin.
Jiyya don jaraba na iya rage haɗarin overdose, amma wasu cututtuka na iya kasancewa yayin da wasu sun kirkiro ƙuta.
Gaskiyar cewa jaridar heroin sau da yawa an sanya shi ne dalilin da yasa yake haifar da cututtuka. Wasu na iya farawa ta yin amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da kwayoyi kafin suyi amfani da tabar heroin maras tsada. Wannan matsayi na iya zama tsakanin kwayoyi wanda ba a allura da magani ba.
Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi suna amfani da shi kawai yana da haɗari, ba shakka. 44 mutu a Amurka a kowace rana saboda sakamakon rigakafi na asibiti. Mai tsanani 10 a rana ya mutu daga heroin overdose.
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku da heroin zai iya haifar da waɗannan cututtuka
a) raunuka da kuma wasu kayan aikin injecting - haifar da cututtuka da yada jini
b) ayyuka marasa inganci marasa jituwa - haifar da cututtuka daga kwayoyin cuta akan fata
c) gurguntar heroin - jagorantar wasu cututtuka
Kwayoyin cututtuka suna yadawa ta hanyar kayan aikin haɗi
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C shine cutar da ke haifar da lalata hanta. Zai iya faruwa tare da gabatarwa marar kyau wanda ya aika da wadanda aka kamu zuwa asibiti, amma yawancin kamuwa da cututtuka na yau da kullum suna lura har sai cutar ciwon ya ci gaba. Akwai sababbin jiyya da ke ba da sabuwar alkawari don magance wannan cuta.
Yawancin lokaci ana yada cutar ta hanyar kayan inji daya - irin su guraben da aka raba. An yi tunanin a duniya cewa kusan kashi 90 cikin 100 na cututtukan C na Hepatitis C suna da alaka da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi masu guba, ko da yake kusan rabin (54%) na lokuta a Amurka. Haɗarin cutar kutsa C ya tashi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Around 2000 ci gaba da sabon m, symptomsatic cututtuka a kowace shekara a Amurka da kuma dan kadan a karkashin 30,000 suna zaton su ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta a kowace shekara (kamar yadda mafi yawan lokuta ba shiru kuma ba symptomatic lokacin da suka fara faruwa). Akwai kimanin miliyan 2.7 na cutar Hepatitis C a Amurka. Yawancin cututtuka sun faru a shekarun 1970s da 1980s, har ma kawai kimanin 15-25% sun kawar da cutar kuma ba su kamu da cutar ba. Ana tunanin 1 cikin 3 masu amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi masu ƙwayar cuta (IDUs) (shekaru 18-30) sun kamu da cutar, yayin da 70-90% na tsofaffi ko tsohuwar IDU sun kamu da cutar.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B shine kwayar cutar ba tare da dangantaka da cutar ciwon haifa C, amma wanda aka kawo ta hanyar rarraba magunguna kuma yana haifar da lalacewar hanta. Haɗarin cutar Hepatitis B (HBV) a cikin IDUs an ruwaito shi ne kusan kashi 20 cikin 100 a Amurka a shekarar 2010
HIV
Ana iya yada kwayar cutar HIV ta hanyoyi daban-daban - ta hanyar jima'i, haihuwar, karuwa jini, da kuma tabarau da sauran kayan inji.
A dukan duniya, ana tunanin kusan kashi 30 cikin dari na cututtuka na HIV a wajen yankin Saharar Afirka daga asibiti da kayan aiki.
Haka kuma, HTLV har ma da cutar ta Malaria, inda yake a yanzu, zai iya yadawa ta hanyar IVDU.
Kwayoyin cuta sun yada ta hanyar rashin lafiya
Akwai cututtuka da dama da ke yadawa saboda an buƙata maciji, ko da yake ba a raba su ba, ba tare da aiyuka ba. Yin amfani da needles yana buƙatar yin aiki da ladabi don kauce wa yaduwa da cututtuka, kamar yadda ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya suka koya. Suna sukar ta hanyar fata da ake rufewa a cikin kwayoyin cuta, shan kwayoyin halitta a cikin fata kuma yiwu cikin jini.
Wato, an rufe jikin mu a kwayoyin kullum, a matsayin ɓangare na kwayoyin mu.
MRSA
Ɗaya daga cikin kwayoyin da ke cikin kwayar halitta ta yada wannan hanya shine Staph Aureus, ciki har da MRSA (wanda shine magungunan magani na Staph Aureus). Akwai wasu cututtuka da cututtuka da kwayoyin halitta suke ciki-kamar Group A streptococci (GAS da ake danganta da wasu cututtuka ) - wanda zai haifar da cututtuka. Duk da haka, babban mai laifi shine MRSA (har zuwa MSSA, Staph Aureus wanda ba shi da tsayayya ga muhimman maganin rigakafi da MRSA yake).
Kwayoyin cutar da wadannan kwayoyin za su iya yadawa ta hanyar fatar jiki, inda allurar ke yada kwayoyin da ke ƙasa da fata, samar da cututtuka, irin su cututtukan fata, kamar cellulitis , ko ƙananan aljihunai, kamar furuncles (ko boils), ko manyan aljihu kamar ƙananan ƙwayoyi. Wasu nau'in cellulitis zai iya zama m, yayin da wasu zasu iya haifar da nama mai laushi da cututtuka na tsoka da kuma cututtuka masu tsanani kamar ƙin fasciitis . Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na IV zai iya aika da miyagun ƙwayoyi, saboda haka kwayoyin, kai tsaye cikin jini. Wannan na iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta a cikin jini, yana haifar da sepsis da rashin lafiya mai tsanani dangane da kwayoyin. Kwayoyin za su iya yadawa a cikin jini da sauran sassa na jiki ciki har da suturar zuciya (endocarditis), kasusuwa (osteomyelitis), kwakwalwa ( magungunan kwari bakwai ), da kuma ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayoyi, kamar su cikin hanta. Wadannan cututtuka na iya haifar da lalacewa na rayuwa, irin su lalacewa na zuciya na zuciya wanda zai iya haifar da rashin cin nasara na zuciya ko ci gaba da ciwo da kasusuwa da ƙasusuwa da haɗin gwiwa.
Jiyya na MRSA - kazalika da yawancin cututtuka masu tsanani, kamar endocarditis, cewa yana haifarwa, yawanci yana buƙatar magani mai tsawo IV. Wannan zai iya zama mai hatsarin gaske ga wadanda suka kamu da kwayoyi.
Kwayoyin da Aka Yi da Contaminants ga Drugs Used
Drugs injected ba yawanci 'tsarki' amma an kullum gauraye da wasu abubuwa. Don magunguna da aka yi amfani da su a asibitoci, duk wani kwayoyi wanda aka allura zuwa marasa lafiya ya kamata a tabbatar da tabbacin cewa za a zama bakararre. Duk da haka, tare da yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, abubuwa masu haɗuwa da kwayoyi sun hada da wasu wasu kwayoyin halitta waɗanda zasu iya cutar da waɗanda ke tilasta magunguna.
Wadannan cututtuka na iya zama saboda kwayoyin da ba a saba gani ba a fata. Da yawa daga cikin wadannan cututtuka suna haifar da ciwo wanda zai iya dogon lokaci.
Wasu na iya haɗuwa da kwayoyi tare da famfo ruwa, wanda ba bakararre, wanda zai haifar da cututtuka daga microbes a cikin ruwan famfo (kamar Pseudomonas). Ƙarin mulkin mallaka mai mahimmanci zai iya faruwa, musamman ma a wuraren da ke kusa, wanda ke haifar da cututtuka marar kyau a cikin jini, irin wannan Corynebacterium diphtheriae baxinogenic.
Botulism
Botulism wani ƙwayar cutar kwayar cuta ne wanda ke da rauni amma yanzu ba a fahimci yanzu saboda matakan tsaro a cikin abincin abinci da shiryawa. Gwanin botulinum na Clostridium zai iya cutar da jaridar heroin, musamman "heroin heroin heroin". Ana iya yada ta hanyar fatar fata ko yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na IV wanda zai haifar da ciwon raunuka a wuraren shayarwa. Zai iya haifar da rauni, nutsewar ido, hangen nesa, da wahalar magana da haɗi. Saboda rashin kamuwa da cuta mai wuya kuma masu amfani da kwayoyi masu guba na iya jinkirta neman taimako, ana iya jinkirta bincike. Duk da haka, saboda kasuwa na iya gurbata batches na heroin kafin rarraba zai iya haifar da lokuta masu yawa a cikin fashewa tsakanin wadanda suke amfani da wannan aikin na heroin.
Tetanus
Tetanus spores zai iya cutar da ginjin heroin - ko dai a lokacin samar da rarraba ko a lokacin allura. Clostridium tetani ana samuwa ta hanyar halitta a cikin yanayi kamar su datti ko a kan kayan aiki mai tsabta. A Amurka, kimanin kashi 15 cikin dari na lokuta na tetanus yakan faru a kowace shekara a cikin mutanen da suka yi amfani da kwayoyi, kamar heroin. A cikin Birtaniya, wani tashin hankali na tarin tetanus ya faru, wanda ya hade da gwanin heroin a cikin mutane 25 a 2003-2004.
Tetanus yana da matsala da cikakkiyar maganin alurar rigakafi don tetanus (5 Shots) kuma yana bunkasa kowane shekaru 10 ko maimaita maimaitawa idan hadarin (ciwon haɗari) kuma babu maganin alurar rigakafin shekaru biyar.
Anthrax
Kodayake anthrax sau da yawa yakan kawo hotunan bidiyon ta'addanci, ana iya samun spores da ke haifar da anthrax a cikin yanayi. Akwai lambobi 82 na Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) a Scotland a 2009-2010 tsakanin mutanen da suka yi amfani da heroin. Yawancin suna da ciwo mai taushi amma wasu suna da cututtuka.
Sauran cututtuka da suka haifar da hasara sun kuma ruwaito - Bacillus cereus (dangi na Bacillus anthracis) da Clostridum sordellii (dangi na Clostridium botulinum da Clostridium tetani)
Sauran suna iya haifar da wasu cututtuka, irin su Tarin fuka, saboda yanayin rayuwa mai rikitarwa kuma saboda TB zai iya yadawa sauƙi inda yawancin suka kasance marasa rigakafi, kamar HIV ko ma rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Don ƙarin bayani game da taimako tare da zalunci da cin zarafin heroin, CDC na bada shawarar kiran: 1-800-662-HELP ko neman bayanai daga Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Cutar Abun Hoto.