ICD na nufin Ƙididdigar Labaran Duniya na Cututtuka. Lambobin ICD sune alamar alphanumeric da aka bai wa kowane ganewar asali, bayanin alamun bayyanar cututtuka, da kuma dalilin mutuwar da ake danganta ga 'yan adam.
Waɗannan Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) suna bunkasa, kulawa, da kuma haƙƙin mallaka. A {asar Amirka, NCHS (Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiya ta Duniya), ɓangare na CMS (Cibiyoyin Kula da Magunguna da Medicaid Services) na kula da dukan canje-canje da gyare-gyare ga lambobin ICD, tare da hadin gwiwa tare da WHO.
Ga yadda WHO ke bayyana tsarin ICD:
ICDs yana amfani da "dukkanin cututtuka da dama, da dalilai da yawa na kula da kiwon lafiya da kuma amfani da asibiti Wadannan sun hada da nazarin yanayin lafiyar jama'a na yawan jama'a da kuma kulawa da rashin lafiyar da cututtukan cututtuka da sauran matsalolin kiwon lafiya dangane da wasu masu canji irin su halaye da kuma halin da mutane ke ciki, sake biya, rabuwa da kayan aiki, inganci, da kuma jagororin. "
Mene ne wannan ke nufi ga marasa lafiya? Yana nufin cewa kowane ganewar asali da mutum zai iya ba shi da lambar, ƙidayar ƙidayar, wanda ke tare da shi. Wannan lambar yana nufin cewa kowane likita a Amurka da sauran sassa na duniya zasu fahimci ganewar asali. Don haka, alal misali, idan an gano ku tare da GERD ( reflux acid ), za a ba da code 530.81. Idan kuna tafiya a fadin kasar kuma kuna buƙatar ganin likita don ƙwannafinku, zai kuma saka 530.81 akan rikodinku.
Cikin 530.81 shine kundin tsarin ICD.
Idan ganewar asali ne ga wani abu mai mahimmanci-wani abu da ya tafi tare da jiyya kamar rash ko mura-to, lambar ICD ba zata da mahimmanci a gare mu. Saboda rashin lafiya ko yanayin zai tafi, lambar za ta kasance a kan rikodinmu, amma ba zai shafi kulawa na gaba ba. Duk da haka, idan an gano mu tare da matsala na rayuwa ko na rayuwa, kamar cututtukan zuciya ko ciwon sukari, to, lambar ICD za ta bi mu saboda yawancin kula da mu kuma zai taimaka wa masu samar da kiwon lafiya su yanke shawara game da kulawar mu.
Kamar yadda aka aiwatar da rubutun likitan lantarki a fadin kasar, waɗannan lambobin zasu shafi kulawar mu.
Akwai Shirye-shiryen ICD masu yawa
Akwai lambobi da dama na waɗannan lambobin, dukansu suna danganta juna. Duk da yake lambar lambobi na iya zama iri ɗaya, wani lokaci ma suna da karin lambobi ko haruffa a haɗe zuwa gare su don amfani daban-daban. A cikin waɗannan misalai, yin amfani da # zai danganta da lambar. Duba bayanin don waɗannan lambobi, a kasa.
- ICD - ## - Kwamfuta CM ana amfani dasu don ganewar asali. CM na nufin "gyare-gyaren asibiti." Ana amfani da asibitoci da sauran wurare don bayyana duk wani kalubale na kiwon lafiya wanda mai haƙuri ya samu, daga ganewar asali ga alamu ga sakamakon sakamakon magani zuwa dalilin mutuwar. Yayinda muke matsawa cikin shafukan kiwon lafiya na lantarki, waɗannan likitoci da wasu masu sana'a na likita za su yi amfani da su.
- Lambobin ICD suna amfani da su don kula da wasu cututtuka. Alal misali, idan wani ya yi kamuwa da mura, an rubuta ICD-9-CM 486. Wasu cututtuka, sau da yawa wadanda ke da kariya sosai, ko wadanda ke da lafiyar jama'a kamar ciwon huhu na huhu ko cutar HIV, ana gudanar da su ne ta hanyar hukumomi don taimakawa wajen gano yadda suke yadawa, inda suke da yawa, kuma watakila don taimakawa shirye-shirye na kasafin kudi ko bincike don aiki rigakafin.
- Ana amfani da lambobin ICD don bayyana dalilin mutuwar. Ana kara su da takaddun shaida don bayyana dalilin da ya sa wani ya mutu. Har ila yau, yawancin wadannan, ma, suna lura da su da hukumomin kiwon lafiya.
- Ana amfani da lambobin ICD a duniya (tuna, suna fitowa daga WHO) kuma kowace ƙasa na iya tsara lambobin don dacewa da bukatun su. Saboda haka, wasu takardun sharuɗɗa zasu sami karin haruffa da aka ƙara musu don bayyana wane ƙasarsu da suka fito daga. Alal misali, ICD - ## - CA lambobin ana amfani da su a Canada da ICD - ## - AM lambobi ana amfani da su a Australia.
Menene Ma'anar Lissafi? ICD-09, ICD-10, da sauransu
Lambobin ICD sun fara ne a shekarar 1893 da likita, Jacques Bertillon.
An kira su Bertillon Classification na Matattu. A shekara ta 1898, an karbe su a Amurka kuma ana daukar su, a sakamakon haka, ICD-1 saboda wannan shine farkon jerin lambobi.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, yayin da kimiyyar likita ta cigaba kuma an fara gano sababbin gwaje-gwaje, sunaye da aka bayyana, an sake sabunta jerin lambobin. Lambar lambar yana canzawa lokacin da sabuntawa ke da yawa cewa dole ne a yi canji mai yawa. Za a iya samun sabuntawar shekara-shekara, kuma waɗannan ana ganin sun zama ƙananan ƙananan, kuma maɓallin ka'idar din bazai canza ba. Alal misali, haɓakawa a 1949, ICD-6, shine karo na farko da aka tara magungunan kwakwalwa zuwa code kafa. Amincewa a 1977 zuwa ICD-9 shi ne karo na farko da aka shigar da lambobin ƙaddamarwa, kuma an haɗa da sunan CM.
Jerin lambobin da ake amfani da su a yanzu shine ICD-10 wanda aka fara aiwatarwa a Amurka. An fara amfani da wannan jerin a Amurka a shekarar 2007. An sake samarda ƙaramin karar da aka sanya a ICD-10 a farkon 2009 ta Cibiyar Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiya. Lokacin ƙarshe na ƙarshe don aiwatar da lambobin ICD-10 shine a cikin Oktoba, 2015.
A duniya, yawancin sauran ƙasashe a duniya sun aiwatar da lambobin ICD-10.
Idan ka ga lambobin ICD akan takardun likita naka, kamar takardun sabis na likita, takardun likita ko EOB ( bayani na amfana ) daga mai biya, zaka iya so ya dace da lambar ICD zuwa ganewarka .