Wani nakasar neuromuscular mikiya
Myasthenia gravis ne cuta neuromuscular autoimmune. Yawancin lokaci, tsarin jiki na jiki ya sa magunguna su kai farmaki da kwayoyin da ke mamaye jiki. "Autoimmune" yana nufin cewa tsarin kwayoyin cuta na jikin mutum ba shi da wani aiki kuma yana haifar da kwayoyin cutar da ke kaiwa jikin kansa. A cikin myasthenia gravis, ƙwayoyin cuta suna tsangwama tare da watsa sakonn jijiyar zuwa ga tsokoki.
A wasu kalmomi, tsokoki ba su karbi siginar daga jijiyoyi don matsawa ba.
Wane ne yake da hadari?
Myasthenia gravis ba a gaji, kuma ba shi da m. Ba a bayyana dalilin da yasa mutane suke cigaba da cutar ba, ko da yake wasu masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa zai iya zama daga matsalar kwayar halitta. A {asar Amirka, kimanin 14 daga cikin 100,000 ne suka fara kirkiro na myasthenia, kodayake masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa lambobin sun fi girma tun lokacin da ba a bincikar cutar ba daidai ba. Ga mata, cutar ta fara farawa a cikin shekaru 20s da 30s; ga maza, yawanci bayan shekaru 50.
Cutar cututtuka
Sau da yawa, mutum zai sami raunin tsoka sosai kuma ba gajiya ko gajiya ba. Karfin da yafi rinjaye shine:
- Drooping eyelids (na farko alama a cikin 2/3 na dukan marasa lafiya)
- Ƙarƙashin ƙuƙwalwa, yana haifar da matsala ta shawaɗa, hadiyewa, ko yin magana (na farko alama a cikin 1/6 na marasa lafiya)
- Ƙarfin ƙarfin ko ƙarfin ƙafa (ƙananan ba a matsayin alama ta farko ba)
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimmanci shi ne cewa rauni ya bambanta a ko'ina cikin yini, yawanci kasancewa m lokacin da mutum yayi farkawa amma ya kara muni kamar yadda rana ke gudana, musamman ma idan mutumin yana amfani da tsokoki mai yawa. Wannan rauni ya bambanta, alal misali, gajiyar wani zai iya ji a kafafunsa bayan ya tsaya ko aiki a rana duka.
"Rashin hankali" na nufin ba zai iya motsawa ba, ko kawai kawai yana iya motsawa, wani tsoka.
Wasu dalilai da ke haifar da mummunar muscle suna cike da fushi, rashin lafiya (musamman cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka), matsalolin karoid , ƙara yawan jiki, haila, da ciki.
Sanin asali
Idan mutum yana da bayyanar cututtuka wanda ya nuna cewa zai iya samun launi na myasthenia, akwai gwaje-gwaje da za a iya yi don tabbatar da shi. Kwararrun takaddama shine bincika jinin don ciwon maganin ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar amfani da gwajin gwagwarmaya ta acetylcholine. Gabatar da kwayoyin cutar sun tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Wani gwaji wanda aka dogara shi ne gwajin chloride na gwagwarmaya (gwaji na Tensilon). Wannan sinadarin yana injected a cikin wani nau'i, kuma idan ƙarfin muscle ya inganta bayan an ba shi, yana da goyon baya mai karfi don ganewar asali. Duk da haka, wani lokuta ko daya daga cikin wadannan gwaje-gwaje na da mummunan ko ba a bayyana a cikin mutumin da ya yi kama da yana da myasthenia gravis.
Jiyya
Magunguna na yau da kullum ga myasthenia gravis sun hada da:
- Magunguna irin su Mestinon (pyridostigmine bromide) da Prostigmin (neostigmine bromide)
- Corticosteroid magunguna kamar prednisone
- Magunguna da ke kawar da tsarin rigakafi, irin su Iranran (azathioprine) da cyclosporine
- Ana cire gland na thymus (thymectomy), babban gland a cikin tsarin rigakafi
- Bambanin musayar (plasmapheresis), wanda aka cire cutar jini ta mutum wanda ke dauke da kwayoyin cutar maras kyau kuma an saka plasma mai sauƙi.
Outlook mai tsawo
Mutanen da ke da ƙwayar maasthenia gravis na iya zama a cikin mafi yawan lokuta da ke ci gaba da rayuwa. Wani lokaci rauni na tsoka yana tabbatar da rashin zama matsala (wanda ake kira remissions remission). Ga wasu mutane, rashin ƙarfi ne kawai a cikin fatar ido. Ga wasu, rauni ya ci gaba zuwa wani abu kuma ya tsaya a matakin. Kadan, kuma a cikin farkon shekaru biyu na rashin lafiya, rauni zai iya yadawa ga tsokoki da ke kula da numfashi, kuma mutum zai kasance cikin asibiti.
Babu magani don maganin myasthenia, amma jiyya yana da tasiri sosai wajen rage matsaloli.
Masu bincike masu neman maganin cutar suna mayar da hankali ga gyara matsalar a cikin tsarin da ke haifar da kwayoyin cuta. Masu bincike kuma suna nazarin dukan sassan abubuwan da ke faruwa a jikin da ke faruwa tare da sakin kwayoyin cutar, don ganin idan zasu iya katse hanyar ta hanyar hanya kuma su dakatar da kwayoyin cuta daga haddasa matsalolin.
Source:
> "Mene ne Myasthenia Gravis?" Game da Myasthenia Gravis. 15 Feb 2007. Asusun na Myasthenia Gravis Foundation na Amurka.