Me ya sa muke sauraron shawarar likita mai ban sha'awa?

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an samu cigaba da ya shafi ma'aikatan gargajiya a matsayin masu shawarwari na kiwon lafiya. Suna amfani da matsayinsu na zamantakewa don bayar da shawara na likita da kuma tallafawa samfurori. Kuma wannan salo ana sa ran za a ci gaba da ƙarawa. Bincike ya nuna cewa mafiya yawan mutane sun ji irin wannan amincewa da shawara-da kuma cewa mutane da yawa sunyi aiki a kanta.

Mutane suna jin dadi da yawa daga mashawarta kuma suna karbar abin da suke da shi a zuciya. A lokacin da wani shahararrun ke inganta harkokin binciken likita (watau, shaidar) wa] anda ke da yawa, suna aiki ne, don amfanin kansu.

Duk da haka, akwai kuma raguwa don tabbatar da kyautar. Yayin da wani shahararrun ke inganta hanyar shiga ko maganin da ba a tallafa shi ba, sakamakon da jama'a ke yi zai iya zama maras kyau ko cutarwa.

Duk da kasancewar kayan aiki ga lafiyar jama'a, mun san kadan game da ainihin yanayin amincewa. Ba mu san yadda yadda shahararrun ke ba da ilimin sanin ilimin kiwon lafiya, halayya, da halayyar lafiyar. Duk da haka, akwai wasu ƙididdigar da suke ƙoƙarin bayyana hanyoyin da wannan abu yake.

Shawarar Kwarewar Shawarar Shaida

Bari mu fara kallo wasu shawarwari masu ban sha'awa wanda ya dace da shaidar likita kuma yarda da shawarwari.

• A 1991, Magic Johnson, dan wasan kwallon kwando, ya bayyana cewa yana da kwayar cutar HIV. Sanarwar ta ta ba da sanarwa ga HIV da AIDS a cikin jama'a. Akwai hanzari a cikin mutane da ke kira Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta Amirka da ke neman tambayoyi.

• A ƙarshen shekarun 1990, Bob Dole ya ba da sanarwar wayar da kan jama'a don rashin ciwo (ED). Dole ne aka bincikar da kuma kula da cutar ciwon ta prostate kuma daga baya ya sami ED, wanda ya ci gaba da rikodin don tattaunawa. Har ila yau, ya zama mai magana da yawun Viagra, wanda ke da tasirin magance ED. A mafi yawan mutanen da ke da tiyata don magance cutar ta prostate, lalacewar kafa ta zama mummunar tasiri saboda jijiyoyi da jini waɗanda ke sarrafa sarrafawa suna da mahimmanci.

• A shekarar 1997, marubucin jaridar Katie Couric, Jay Monahan, an gano shi tare da ciwon daji . Ya mutu watanni tara bayan yana da shekaru 42. A shekara ta 2000, Couric ya ba da labarinta a kan "Yau". A watan da ya biyo bayan bincikenta, an samu karuwar kashi 21 a cikin alkaluman da aka samu don ciwon daji da kuma ciwon daji.
• A shekara ta 2005, mai suna Kylie Minogue an gano shi da ciwon nono wanda aka kula da shi da mastectomy. Daga bisani, an samu karuwar kashi 40 cikin yawan mutanen da ke neman mammogram-wanda ke nunawa ga ciwon nono - a jihohi hudu na Australia.
• A watan Maris na 2009, yawan ciwon sankarar mahaifa sun ninka biyu a Ingila, idan aka kwatanta da lokaci guda da ta gabata. Wannan Yunƙurin ya danganci Jade Goody, wani dan wasan talabijin na gaskiya na Birtaniya, wanda ya mutu daga ciwon sankarar mahaifa.
• Mawallafin Michael J. Fox, wanda yake da cutar ta Parkinson , ya haura da fiye da dolar Amirka miliyan 450 ga kamfanin Michael J. Fox, wanda ke gudanar da binciken binciken Parkinson.

Ba da shawara mai kyau ba

Yanzu bari mu dubi wasu shahararrun shawarwari waɗanda suka tabbatar da cewa sun zama maras kyau ko ma cutarwa.

• Harkokin watsa labarun 'yan adawa na Jenny McCarthy game da maganin alurar rigakafi, don jin tsoron cewa suna haifar da autism, wata alama ce ta irin abubuwan da aka sani, game da abin da aka sani. Wannan ƙungiyar yaudara ta tayar da hankali kuma yara da ba su karbi alurar rigakafi zasu iya mutuwa daga cutar ba.

• Actress Christina Applegate ya zama mai neman shawara don fara binciken bayan an gano shi tare da ciwon nono a shekara ta 2008 a shekara ta 36 da kuma jurewa mastectomy biyu. Duk da haka, Applegate yana tallafa yin amfani da MRI (yanayin haɗakar jiki) don gano ciwon nono, wanda bai dace da ra'ayoyin ra'ayi na kiwon lafiya don nunawa mata a matsanancin hadarin bunkasa ciwon nono ba.
• Hakazalika, bayan an bincikar da shi tare da maye gurbin BRCA1 , wanda ya kara yawan ƙwayar nono da kuma cutar ta ovarian a kananan ƙananan mata, actrice Angelina Jolie ya zaɓi ya yi amfani da kariya guda biyu. Jolie ya kasance mai girma game da gwagwarmaya da bayar da shawarwari ga fahimtar jama'a. Daga bisani, yawancin mutane sun zama masu sha'awar gwajin gwagwarmaya na BRCA. Duk da haka, maye gurbin BRCA wani abu ne mai wuya na ciwon daji kuma an adana wa mutanen da suke da tarihin iyali na cutar. Wannan karuwa a gwaji ba'a bada shawarar ko farashi mai tasiri ba.

• Actress Susanne Somers na goyan bayan amfani da protezyytic enzyme farfesa don maganin ciwon daji na pancreatic. Ta kuma goyi bayan yin amfani da hormones masu ilimin halitta don sake tsufa. Babu waɗannan maganganun na dogara akan shaidar likita.
• A cikin littafinsa ta mako mako, GOOP, actress Gwyneth Paltrow ya inganta amfani da fitar da qwai da aka saka cikin farji don taimakawa da murfin tsofaffin ƙwayoyi, halayen hormonal, da kuma makamashi na mata. Wannan shawara ba ta goyan bayan bincike ba.
• Maganar Birnin Birtaniya, Sir Michael Parkinson, ta ba da shawara ga ciwon daji game da ciwon gurguwar cutar ta prostate: "Wannan jarrabawar ita ce idan za ku iya biye da bangon daga ƙafa biyu, ba ku samu ba."

Me yasa Jama'ar Jama'a ta Saurari Masu Kwarewa?

Kodayake zamu iya nuna misalai na shawara mai kyau da mummunan shawara, hanyoyin da ke haifar da tasiri na shawarwari masu ban sha'awa basu da tabbas. Masu bincike na kiwon lafiya suna fara ne kawai don nazarin wadannan abubuwan da suka faru kuma suna da wasu zato. Ga jerin jerin abubuwa goma sha takwas:

1. Ƙwararren likita na iya ƙirar fahimtar wasu mambobi.
2. Mutane suna bin shawara na likita don inganta yanayin zamantakewa da matsayi.
3. Shawarar mutum da kuma labarun nasarar da mutane suka haɗu da su na iya ɗaukar gaskiya.
4. Mutane-musamman ma wadanda ke da girman kai-sun hada da haɗe-haɗe zuwa ga masu shahararrun wadanda suka sa su ji mafi zaman kansu, masu iyawa, da kuma goyan bayan wasu. Wadannan takardu suna nuna wasu mutane don sauraron shahararren shahararrun sharuɗɗa da amincewa.
5. Mutane suna sayen kayan kiwon lafiya da kayayyakin kiwon lafiya waɗanda masu shahararrun suka amince don su sami halaye na shahararrun da ake danganta da duk abin da aka amince. Alal misali, idan wani shahararre yana tallata shirin hasara na nauyi kuma ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya rasa nauyi saboda shi, magoya baya so su kasance kamar mai suna Celebrities kuma su rasa nauyi ta amfani da shirin.
6. Hanyoyin "tasirin halayen" suna nufin fasalin da jama'a ke bayarwa don cewa mai fahimtar kirki ne mai cin nasara, wanda hakan ya sa su zama masu gaskiya a duk abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar da lafiya. Saboda haka, idan mai baiwa ya ba da shawara ga likita saboda sun sami nasara a wasu wurare, to dole ne su zama likita, ma.
7. Abubuwan da suka dace da karimci suna kunna sassa na kwakwalwa wanda ke samar da ƙungiyoyi masu kyau. Wadannan ƙungiyoyi masu kyau sunyi tunanin ƙwaƙwalwar samfur ko sabis.
8. Amincewa da murna sun kunna yankuna masu kwakwalwa tare da amincewa da ƙwaƙwalwa. Wannan kunnawa ya sa mutane su kasance kamar samfur ko sabis.
9. Masu shahararrun suna biyan bukatun dabi'a don mutane su yanke shawara akan yadda wasu suka yanke shawara a cikin irin wannan yanayi. Wannan hali ana kiransa "halin garke."
10. Shawarar leƙen asiri yana yadawa a cikin cibiyoyin zamantakewa kuma ta haka yana tasiri ga kowa ta hanyar sadarwa mai yawa, samun karimci da raguwa.
11. Mutane suna yin nazarin shawara na likita na masana'antun kamar yadda ake amfani da shi, suna nufin kawar da rashin jin daɗi da ke tattare daga rike ra'ayoyin da ba daidai ba.
12. Mutane suna bi shawara na likita daga cikin wadanda suka san cewa suna da kama da kansu.
13. Mutane suna jin dadi game da masu shahararru kuma suna jin dadi game da samfurori da kuma ayyuka da suke ingantawa-misali na yanayin kwandayin.
14. Ayyukan da masu kirkiro suka sanya sun zama alamomi, ko sigina , da bambanta samfurin daya ko sabis daga wani.

Kalma Daga

Akwai tsohuwar magana: Kada ku yi imani da abin da kuke gani a talabijin. Muna rayuwa a cikin ƙididdigar rikice-rikice masu ladabi da masu bada labaru don samar da alamu da shawarwari ta amfani da tashoshi daban-daban, ciki har da littattafai, mujallu, shafuka, talabijin, rediyo, podcasts, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Wasu daga cikin wannan shawara yana da kyau kuma wasu daga cikinsu ba daidai ba ne; wasu ba su da kwarewa kuma suna shafe su ta hanyar jinsin mutuntaka kuma wasu suna samun karfin kudi.

Lokaci na gaba da ka ji ko ka ga wanda aka fi son ka fi sani da samfurin kiwon lafiya ko sabis, ka yi tunani game da dalilin da yasa shawara ta kunyar da kai. Shin abin tunawa ne ko kuma ita ce shawara? Shin shiriya tana da kyau sosai kuma yana amfani da kai ko ƙaunatacce? Mutum mai dacewa zai yarda da wanda aka ambata? Shin shawara yana buƙatar ku saya wani abu?

Lokacin da ya faru da yanke shawara mai mahimmanci na kiwon lafiya, irin su ciwon daji ko sauran cututtuka, ya kamata ka yi ganawa tare da likitanka don tattauna duk damuwa da kuma bayyana abin da ka ji labarin mai suna Celebrity. Ka tuna cewa mafiya yawan masu shahararrun ba likitoci ba ne. Haka ne, suna iya zama mai kyau a raira waƙa, aiki, rawa, ko wasanni. Amma kamar yadda yake tare da dukan kwarewa da basirar ƙwarewa, waɗannan halayen ba su ƙara zuwa wasu wurare ba. An horar da likitan ku don bayar da shawara mai dacewa da ke da alamar shaida da taimako.

> Sources:

> BRCA1 da BRCA2: Rashin Ciwon Canji da Gwajiyar Halitta. NIH. www.cancer.gov

> Hoffman, SJ, et al. Abubuwan Bincike na Celebrities akan Ilimin Lafiya, Abubuwan Tambayoyi, Abubuwan Lafiya, da Sakamako na Yanayi: Lissafi don Bincike na Gida, Mace-Analysis, da Tattaunawa na Meta-Regression. Binciken na yau da kullum. 2017.

> Hoffman, SJ, da Tan, C. Bayan Masu Shahararrun Kwaskwarima 'Mahimman Bayanan Lafiya: Meta-Narrative Analysis. BMJ. 2013; 347: f7151.

> Larson RJ, et al. Gyaran Ƙungiyar Gyaran Ciwon Cancer . J dabarun Cibiyar Cancer ta Cibiyar Cancer. 2005; 97 (9): 693-5.