Bincike kan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Gwaji
Gwanintar gyaran gyaran gyaran gyaran gyaran gyaran gyare-gyare na sake mayar da lalacewa (haɗin gwiwa) guringuntsi. An yi amfani da dabaru da yawa don gyaran gyaran furotin . Yayin da ake amfani da wasu daga cikin wadannan yau, masu bincike suna ci gaba da neman sababbin hanyoyin da za su yi gyaran furotin a cikin ƙoƙarin bawa mutane jin dadi daga ciwon osteoarthritis.
Mene ne Gwairamun Magunguna?
Matakan na guringuntsi yana kunshe da collagens, proteoglycans, da kuma wadanda ba sunadarai sunadarai.
Duk da yake guringuntsi yana da tsari sosai, kimanin kashi 85 cikin furotin na ruwa ne. Wannan ya rage zuwa kusan kashi 70 cikin tsofaffi. Chondrocytes ne kawai kwayoyin da aka samu a cikin guringuntsi da kuma wannan kayan da kuma kula da furotin matrix.
Turare na kayan aiki yana aiki ne a matsayin kwantar da hankula da haɗari a cikin haɗin gwiwa. Yana yin haka domin yana lakaɗa ƙarshen ƙasusuwan da suke samar da haɗin gwiwa. Nama lalacewa zai iya haifuwa ta hanyoyi da yawa ciki har da:
Abubuwan da ke shafar lalacewa ta hanyar gwanintun suna zama mai raɗaɗi, m, kuma suna da iyakacin motsi .
Matsalar ita ce guringuntsi ba zai iya warkar da kansa ba. Sakamakon haka, ƙwayoyi masu suturawa sun zama mayar da hankali ga masu bincike da injuna masu yawa waɗanda suke kokarin yin kokari su bunkasa sabon guringuntsi kuma su dasa shi a wurin lalacewa ko sawa a cikin tilo.
Ci gaba tare da gyaran gyare-gyare
An tsara dabarun da yawa wanda ke nuna cigaba a farfadowa.
- Debridement or Abrasion - Wani likita mai kwakwalwa yana cire lalatattun kayan shafawa wanda zai haifar da zub da jini a kashin kashi da kuma ci gaban fibrocartilage (furotin fibrous ko ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ). A wasu lokuta, fibrocartilage bazai da ƙarfin isa don kare haɗin gwiwa.
- Microfracture - Wani likita mai kwakwalwa yana iya magance yankin da ya shafa kuma ya sa da yawa a cikin kashi. Wannan an tsara shi don ƙarfafa zub da jini da kuma ci gaban fibrocartilage.
- Musafika ko Osteochondral Tsarin Tushewa na Tushewa - Kwararren likita ya cire wani sashi na kasusuwa tare da guringuntsi wanda ke rufe daga wani yanki mai lafiya na haɗin gwiwa kuma ya canza shi zuwa yankin da aka lalata.
- Tsinkar Periosteal - Dikita ne ya kawar da wani ɓangare na periosteum ( nama mai haɗin gwiwa wanda ke rufe duk kasusuwa) daga hasken kuma ya dasa shi zuwa ga lalacewar siga .
- Kamfanonin Chondrocyte na Autologous (ACI) - Dattijon ariproscopically ya kawar da wani ƙananan rabo daga guringuntsi daga gwiwa. An aika nama zuwa layi don a yi masa layi. Ana bukatar tiyata na biyu don haka za'a iya dasa kwayoyin halitta a kan shafin yanar gizon lalacewa.
- Osteochondral Allografts - An yi amfani da kashin mai bayarwa don gyara guringuntsi.
- Cibiyar Chondrocyte da aka ƙulla ta Matrix (MACI) - FDA ta amince da wannan hanya a shekara ta 2017 don amfani da mutanen da basu da shekaru 55 tare da "ƙananan lahani" - raunuka da zasu iya haifar da osteoarthritis na gwiwa. Ya yi kama da ACI amma yana buƙatar ƙananan tiyata kuma ya ƙwaƙwalwa ƙwaƙwalwar zuwa ga likita a kan wani takalmin da yake aiki a matsayin mai daɗaɗɗa akan yankin da aka lalata.
Dukkan hanyoyin suna samar da sakamakon gauraye. Har ila yau akwai tambayoyi da dama da ke fama da yunƙuri a gyaran gyaran furotin.
Ana buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti don samun amsoshi masu mahimmanci da kuma samar da hanyoyin da zasu taimaka wajen bayyanar cututtukan cututtuka da kuma samar da canji mai dacewa don lalacewa.
Bincike na ci gaba
Kalubale na zuwa sama tare da mafi mahimmancin maganganun gyaran furotin yana cikin zukatan masu bincike. A dukan duniya, sababbin bincike da fasahohi suna ci gaba da dubawa cikin wannan matsala kuma farkon sakamakon sunyi alamar murna.
Alal misali, a shekarar 2008, masu nazarin halittu a Jami'ar Rice sun gano cewa matsanancin matsin lamba (wanda ya kasance daidai da wanda ya samu rabin mil a ƙarƙashin teku) yana motsa jikin gwargwadon kwayoyin shuka kwayar halitta.
Wannan sabon nama yana da kusan dukkanin kaddarorin gwanun dan adam.
Masu binciken sun yi imanin cewa wannan ci gaban yana da alƙawari ga maganin arthritis. Masanin binciken jagora ya gargadi cewa zai kasance shekaru masu yawa kafin tsarin zai kasance a shirye domin gwada gwaji a cikin mutane.
Ana amfani da kwayoyin da aka yi amfani da su don bunkasa sabon guringun gaji don maganin arthritic a cikin wata fasaha da aka bunkasa a Makarantar Ma'aikatar Medicine na Washington a shekara ta 2017. A cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Cytex Therapeutics, begen wadannan masu bincike shine cewa wannan zai zama madadin aikin tiyata .
Wannan dabarar tana nuna wa'adin da aka yi wa'adi ga wadanda basu da shekaru 50. Yana amfani da "3-D, sassaukaccen nau'in roba" da kuma sake haifar da haɗin hip don sauƙaƙe jin zafi. Ga marasa lafiya na arthritic, zai iya jinkirta, idan ba a kawar ba, buƙatar sabon hanji.
Sources
- Axtell B. FDA OKs Na farko a wani sabon zamani na gyaran gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare. Arthritis Foundation. 2017.
- Boyd J. Cartilage sake farfadowa da '20, 000 Lokuna A karkashin Ruwa '. Jami'ar Rice. 2008.
- Dryden J. Stem Cells Engineer don Yada Gwaran Yari, Yarda Kumburi. Jami'ar Kimiyya na Jami'ar Washington. 2016.
- > Asibitin na Musamman na Wajibi. Hanyoyi don gyaran gyare-gyare Kwankwayo Gummatattun Nuna Gwada Shawarar Yin Jiyya ga marasa lafiya fiye da 40. 2016.
- > Rai V, > Dilissio > MF, Dietz NE, Agrawal DK. Taswirar Aiki na Kayan Gwaji: Sabuntawa na Tarihin Scaffold Development da Tissue Engineering. Journal of Material Biomedical Materials Research Part A. 2017. Talla: 10.1002 / jbm.a.36087.