Gazyva (Obinutuzumab) magani ne mai kama da Rituxan (rituximab) kuma ana binciken shi a kowane nau'i na jini, ciki har da nazarin ilimin likita a cikin lymphoma ba na Hodgkin (NHL). Kamar Rituxan, Gazyva ana amfani dashi tare da maganin ƙwayar cuta don maganin wasu cututtukan jini. Drugmakers Genentech da Roche sun lura cewa akwai bincike mai zurfi da ke ci gaba da gwada obinutuzumab tare da rituximab a cikin lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba tare da bautar ba, kuma don rarraba babban lymphoma na B-cell.
Gazyva yanzu FDA-an yarda don amfani da wasu marasa lafiya tare da lymphoma follicular, baya ga amfani da shi a cikin cutar cutar sankarar lymphocytic na kullum, ko CLL. Ga CLL, an hada Gazyva tare da chlorambucil; don lymphoma na follicular, Gazyva ya haɗa tare da bendamustine.
Game da Follicular Lymphoma
Ko da yake ba lymphoma mafi yawan ba, lymphoma follicular ya kasance daga cikin mafi yawan yawan maganin lymphoma. Nau'o'i na lymphoma guda biyu su ne Hodgkin da lymphoma ba Hodgkin. Lymphoma mai laushi shine nau'in Hodgkin da ba shi da yawa, kuma shine mafi yawan wadanda ba su da kyau, ko kuma raguwa, ba da Hodgkin ta lymphomas (NHL).
Ko da yake yana da jinkiri, ya kasance ciwon daji wanda ba zai iya warkewa ba wanda ya fi wuya a bi da duk lokacin da ya dawo. Lymphoma na follicular ya yi bayani game da daya daga cikin lokuta biyar na NHL a Amurka, inda aka kiyasta cewa za a gano kimanin mutane 14,000 a 2015.
Yayinda mafi yawan marasa lafiya suka ci gaba da kare mummunan a bayyane, sababbin jiyya sune maraba.
Gazyva ga Lyllhoma Follicular
"Mutanen da ke fama da cutar lymphoma wanda bala'in ya dawo ko ya ba da wahala ko da yake magani tare da tsarin mallakar Rituxan yana buƙatar karin zaɓuɓɓuka saboda cutar ta fi wuya a magance duk lokacin da ya dawo," in ji Sandra Horning, MD, babban jami'in likita da kuma shugaban Global Product Ƙaddamarwa.
"Gazyva da bendamustine suna samar da wani sabon magani wanda za a iya amfani dashi bayan sake dawowa don rage yawan haɗari ko mutuwa."
Aikin GDA na Gazyva ya samo asali ne daga sakamakon binciken da aka yi na farko na GADOLIN, wanda ya nuna cewa, a cikin mutanen da ke fama da lymphoma follicular wanda cutar ta ci gaba a lokacin ko cikin watanni shida na farfado da Rituxan na farko, Gazyva da bendamustine kuma Gazyva kadai ya nuna 52 ragowar kashi a cikin hadarin cututtuka ko mutuwa (ci gaba mai zaman kanta, PFS), idan aka kwatanta da bendamustine kadai.
Ta yaya Gazyva Works?
Gazyva, kamar Rituxan, shi ne wanda ya kasance mai rikici. Wato, yana da nau'i na musamman na masana kimiyya da masana'antu suka samar da su. Samfurin na ƙarshe an rataye shi a cikin jaka a matsayin ruwa kuma an ba ta jigilar intravenous.
Kamar Rituxan, Gazyva na da magungunan CD20. Dandalin CD20 kamar alamar gano - yana da hadarin gina jiki wanda yake a kan wasu wasu kwayoyin, ciki har da jini mai tsabta da ake kira B-lymphocytes, ko sassan B. Kwayoyin jikin B, wanda ake kira duniyoyin pre-B , suna da wannan magungunan CD20.
Lokacin da obinutuzumab bindiga zuwa CD20, wannan zai kai ga mutuwar kuma ya kumbura bude sassan B. Yana yin haka ta hanyar tattara wasu nau'o'in kwayoyin halitta don yin aikin, ta hanyar kunna sakonni na mutuwa da / ko kunna wani abu da ake kira kwaskwarima - jerin jerin halayen halayen halayenka na rigakafi, yana nuna bukatar buƙatar da halakarwa.
Ta yaya Gazyva ya bambanta daga Rituxan? To, a cewar masu yin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, an yi tunanin cewa Gazyva yana da karfin haɓaka don kashe rayukan kwayoyin halitta - wani abu da ake kira cytotoxicity cellular-cellular dogara (ADCC) - kuma yana haifar da karin aiki a yadda ake amfani da tsarin kwayoyin jiki don kai hari B-sel lokacin da aka kwatanta da rituximab. A gaskiya ma, a cikin takaddama na musamman, Gazyva ya ba da karuwar yawancin ADCC a kan Rituxan. Gazyva kuma ya kunna sakonni na mutuwa a cikin sassan B a cikin binciken da ya dace.
Hanyoyin Gaba
An kiyasta lafiyar Gazyva bisa ga 392 marasa lafiya tare da NHL masu lalata, wanda kashi 81 cikin dari na da lymphoma na follicular.
A cikin marasa lafiya da lymphoma na follicular, yawan abubuwan da aka gani da aka gani da aka gani sun kasance daidai da yawan mutanen da ke da lalata ga NHL.
Sakamakon abubuwan da ke faruwa na Gazyva mafi yawan gaske , ƙananan jinin jini, rikitarwa, gajiya, tari, zafin jiki, ƙinƙari, zazzabi, ƙananan plalet count, vomiting, ƙwayar respiratory tract na sama, rage yawan ci abinci, haɗin gwiwa ko ciwon tsoka, sinusitis, ƙananan jinin jini, ƙananan ƙarfi, da kuma ciwon urinary kamuwa da cuta.
Rahotanni amma sakamakon rayuka masu rai suna bayar da rahotanni a likitoci suna bayanin bayanai, wasu lokutan suna daukar nau'i na "gargadi na dambe." Ga Gazyva, wannan gargadi na gargadi ya hada da bayanai game da cututtuka biyu na cututtukan cututtuka: Cutar cutar Hepatitis B (HBV) a wasu lokuta da ke haifar da lalata hanta da mutuwa; da kuma kamuwa da kamuwa da kwayar cutar ta JC.
Don cikakkiyar tabbaci da ingantacciyar tasirin Gazyva a cikin lymphoma mai banƙyama, don Allah a duba Bayanin Gazyva.
Sources:
1. Bayyana Bayanan Gazyva.
2. Mössner E, Brünker P, Moser S, et al. Ƙara ƙarfin maganin cutar anti-CD20 ta hanyar aikin injiniya na wani sabon anti-CD20 anti-CD20 tare da ingantaccen kwayar cutar B-cell cytotoxicity. Jinin jini . 2010; 115 (22): 4393-4402.
3. Herter S, Gubar F, Mundigl O, et al. Ayyuka na farko na CD2 antibody GA101 (obinutuzumab) idan aka kwatanta da rituximab da naatumumab in vitro da kuma model model. Mol Kankara Ther . 2013; 12 (10): 2031-2042.
4. Klein C, Lammens A, Schäfer W, et al. Abubuwan da ke tattare da jigilar kwayoyin cutar da ake kira CD20 da kuma dangantaka da kayan aiki. mAbs . 2013; 5 (1): 22-33.