Ko da ba tare da cututtuka ba, mura ne babbar cuta ga tsofaffi da yara.
Ko da a cikin shekaru marasa cutar, mutane da dama sun mutu daga mura. Mutane da yawa suna mutuwa saboda matsalar rikice-rikice na biyu, irin su ciwon huhu ko rikitarwa na matsalolin likita, amma yara ma sun mutu daga mura daga kowace shekara. Ganin yawan lambobi kuma musamman a yawan yara da ke mutuwa a cikin mura zai iya zama kira mai tasowa akan yadda cutar ta kasance mai tsanani da kuma bukatar yin kariya don iyalinka.
Masana da yawa sunyi amfani da kimanin kimanin 36,000 kowace shekara da ke mutuwa a kowace shekara, wanda shine yawan yawan mutuwar mutuwar da aka gani a kowace shekara a shekarun 1990. Wani kimanin cewa yana amfani da lokaci mafi tsawo, ciki har da lokutan da suka faru a kwanan nan, daga 1976 zuwa 2007, ya sami kimanin mutuwar 23,607.
Akwai yawan sauye-sauye daga shekara zuwa shekara, tare da raunin mutuwar 3,349 a cikin shekara ta 1986-87 har zuwa 48,614 a shekara ta 2003-04, wanda aka yi la'akari da tsananin rashin lafiya.
Mutuwar Lafiya a Puta
Kodayake mutane da yawa sun mutu a wani lokaci mai cututtuka , mutuwa ta mutuwa daga mura zai iya ci gaba sosai a lokacin annoba mai guba ko fashewa ta duniya.
Yawancin mutuwar ba lallai ba ne saboda cutar da cutar ta kamu da cutar , amma saboda yawancin mutane sun kamu da rashin lafiya a lokacin annoba, kamar:
- 1889 Rasha Fandemic Ruwa: About 1 miliyan mura mutuwar
- 1918 Mutanen Espanya Mutanen Espanya sun kamu da annoba: Fiye da 40 zuwa 50 m mutuwar, ciki har da kimanin 675,000 a Amurka. Rashin kamuwa da cutar ya kamu da rabi na yawan mutanen duniya bayan karshen annobar.
- Cutar Ebola ta Asiya ta 1957: Fiye da miliyoyin mutuwar mutane miliyan daya, ciki har da kimanin 69,800 a Amurka
- 1968 Cutar Ebola ta Hong Kong: Kimanin 1 zuwa 3 miliyan mutuwar mutuwa
- 2009 H1N1 Raunin Cutar Gida: Daga tsakanin 8,870 da 18,300 mutuwar a Amurka da har zuwa 203,000 mutuwar a dukan duniya
Yau da cutar ta H1N1 ta 2009 ta kasance cutar ta farko da aka samu ta hanyar samar da rigakafi mai guba, ko da yake ya zo ne yayin da aka fara binciken da aka yi a Amurka.
An samu maganin alurar rigakafi a madaidaiciya a shekarar 1968, amma bayan lokacin da aka samo shi, lokuta sun riga sun shiga.
Rikicin yara na yara
Kamar yadda mutane ke so su yi tunanin cewa mura ce mummunan cutar, ba za ku iya barin gaskiyar cewa yara da dama sun mutu daga mura ba a kowace shekara.
Ba kamar mutuwar manya ba, wanda kawai aka kiyasta, mun san ainihin yara da yawa ke mutuwa daga mura a kowace shekara, tun lokacin da ta kasance a matsayin kasa mai ban mamaki tun shekara ta 2004:
- 2003-04 Mutuwar cututtuka : 152 mutuwar yara na mutuwa
- 2004-05 kakar rashin lafiya: 39 yara likitanci mutuwa
- 2005-06 Rawan fata: 41 mutuwar yara
- 2006-07 kakar mura: 68 yara likitanci mutuwa
- 2007-08 Mutuwar cututtuka : 88 m kamu mutuwa
- 2008-09 kakar mura: 133 ƙwayoyin yara mura mutuwa
- 2009-10 mura kakar: 282 fediatric mura mutuwar
(cututtuka na swine flu) - 2010-11 kakar rashin lafiya: 123 yara na mutuwa mutuwar
- 2011-12 kakar mura: 37 likitan yara mura mutuwa
- 2012-13 mura kakar: 171 fediatric mura mutuwar
- 2013-14 kakar mura: 111 mutuwar yara na mutuwa
- 2014-15 mura kakar: 148 fediatric mura mutuwar
- 2015-16 Fitilar mura: 85 cututtuka na yara na yara
- 2016-17 kakar mura: 77 mutuwar yara a cikin Afrilu 15.
Kuma wadannan ba duka yara ba ne da matsalolin haɗari, kamar samun ciwon sukari , ciwon sukari, ko sauran yanayin likita.
Rahotanni sun nuna cewa kimanin rabi na yara da suka mutu daga mura a kowace shekara ba su da wata sanadiyar cututtuka ga matsalolin mura .
Yadda za a hana Mutuwar Mutuwa
Hakika, hanya mafi kyau don hana cututtuka na mutuwa shine don kauce wa rashin lafiya tare da mura a farkon wuri. CDC ya bada shawara akan ayyuka uku da za a yi don hana samun ciwon jini kuma don rage yawan damuwa da damuwa da kuma yada cutar idan ka samu.
- Samun maganin alurar rigakafi. Mafi sauki, mafi kyawun kariya daga mura shi ne maganin alurar rigakafi kowace shekara, wannan shine hanya mafi kyau don hana cututtuka na mutuwa. Yawancin lokaci, kashi 80 zuwa 90 cikin dari na yara da suka mutu daga mura ba cikakken maganin alurar riga kafi ba. Kowane mutum 6 watanni da tsufa ya kamata ya sami allurar rigakafi ta ƙarshen Oktoba, idan ya yiwu, bisa ga CDC. Yaran da ke da ƙananan watanni 6 sun yi matukar ƙuruci don yin alurar riga kafi amma suna cikin haɗari. Yana da mahimmanci cewa iyalin su da masu kulawa su sami alurar riga kafi, don haka ba su cutar da jariran da mura.
- Kyakkyawan dabi'un lafiyar jiki na iya taimaka wajen dakatar da yaduwar cutar. Wadannan sun hada da kasancewa daga mutane marasa lafiya. Lokacin da kake da lafiya, zauna a gida, saboda haka baza ka yada wadannan kwayar cutar ba. Rufe bakinka da hanci lokacin da kuka jiji ko yalwata. A wanke hannayenka sau da yawa kamar yadda hakan zai cire germs. Ka guji shãfan idanu, hanci, da baki. Tsaftacewa da tsaftace jikin da mutane sukan taba. Ci gaba da lafiyar lafiyarka ta hanyar cin abinci mai gina jiki, kasancewa mai tsabta, samun barci sosai, da kuma kasancewa cikin jiki.
- Idan kun sami mura, likitanku na iya tsara kwayoyin cutar antiviral, Wadannan zasu iya yin rashin lafiya da ƙananan kwanaki. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen hana rikitarwa mai tsanani da mutuwa daga mura. Idan kai ko ɗayanku suna da alamun bayyanar mura, duba likitanku nan da nan.
> Sources
> CDC. Bayani game da Mutuwar da Aka Haɗu da Hanyoyin Lafiya-Amurka, 1976--2007. MMWR. Agusta 27, 2010/59 (33); 1057-1062.
> CDC ta ce "Dauki 3" Ayyuka don Yaƙin Flu. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm.
> Tarihi na Rashin Guda Hutun. Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Amirka da Harkokin Kiyukan Dan Adam. http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/about/pandemic/history.html.
> Rigaka (Flu) Bayan Rahoton Bincike na Baki daya. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/pastreports.htm.
> Simonsen, Lone. Ra'ayoyin Mutuwar Duniya na Duniya na 2009 ga annobar cutar ta 2009 daga shirin GALLAN: Nazarin Ɗaukakawa. PLOS Medicine.Published: Nov 26, 2013.