Hepatitis A da Hepatitis B: Kama ko Bambanta?
Mutum na iya yin imanin cewa hepatitis A da B suna da abu ɗaya. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa basu san abin da hepatitis ke ciki ba. Ƙara koyo game da ciwon daji, kamar su iri daban-daban da bambanci tsakanin su ta hanyar karantawa gaba. Lokacin da kake jin maganganun hepatitis, wannan yana nufin abu ɗaya: ƙone ciwon hanta. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da za ku iya inganta wannan yanayin lafiya.
Barasa da wasu magunguna wasu daga cikin wadannan abubuwan. An yawaita yawanci ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban; An kira wadannan su A, B, da C. Domin sanya dukkan abu mai sauƙi a gare ku, a nan akwai ƙananan bambance-bambance tsakanin ƙwayoyin cutar ciwon hawan na hepatitis, hepatitis A (HAV) da hepatitis B (HBV).
Matsakaici na Transmission
Ana iya samun cutar ta Hepatitis A (HAV) a cikin fursunin wanda ke fama da cutar Hizitis A. Yawanci, ana yada ta hanyar kusantar da juna tsakanin mutane. Wannan na iya zama ta hanyar jima'i ko kawai zaune a cikin wannan gida. Wani hanya mai sauƙi wanda ake watsawa shi ne raba abinci da ruwa wanda mutumin ya kawo cutar. Bugu da ƙari kuma, idan ka je wurin da wannan kamuwa da cuta ke ƙetare, akwai babban haɗarin samun shi da kanka.
Hepatitis A yana kaiwa ga ciwon hanta kumburi, kuma zai iya warke ko warkar da kansa. Idan kun tsufa, wannan yanayin ya fi tsanani.
Kamar yadda aka ambata, ana iya saurin hawancin cutar A cikin sauƙi daga mutum daya zuwa wani ta hanyar ruwa da abinci da kuma kusantuwa tare da mutane masu cutar.
A gefe guda kuma, hawan ciwon haifa B yana samuwa a cikin ruhun jiki kamar jini. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, idan jinin mutumin da ya kamu da cutar ko jikin jiki ya shiga jikin wani, zai iya kwanta wannan cuta.
Hepatitis B yana yadu mafi yawa ta hanyar jima'i ba tare da tsaro ba tare da mai ɗaukar HBV ko amfani da allurar rigakafi (musamman lokacin da mutane suka watsar da needles tsakanin su).
Da Bukatar Samurar rigakafi
Don hana haɗin gwiwar ko ci gaba da hepatitis A, wajibi ne mutane su tabbatar da samun alurar riga kafi:
- Yara shekaru 1-2
- Maza maza da suke hulɗa da wasu maza
- Mutane da suke amfani da kwayoyi a tituna
- Masu aiki da ke aiki a sassa daban daban na duniya, sai dai kasashe kamar Canada, Amurka, da Japan
- Mutane da ke da kwarewa ko kuma kusantar kusanta da mutanen da suka fito daga kasashen da suka kamu da cutar
A gefe guda, waɗannan masu biyowa ne masu buƙatar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B:
- Yara da matasa masu shekaru 0 zuwa 18
- Ma'aikata masu jima'i
- Marasa lafiya da ke jurewa ko kwatsam
- Jama'a, birni, ko ma'aikatan lafiya suna da alaka da jinin jini da ruwaye na jiki
- Mutanen da ke cikin shekaru 60 suna fama da ciwon sukari
- Mutane masu cutar HIV
- Masu amfani da kwayoyi ta hanyar injections
- Ma'aikata da mazauna wuraren da ke taimaka wa marasa lafiya
Cutar cututtuka
Ko da yake akwai nau'o'in hepatitis, dukansu suna raba irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka. Wadannan su ne wasu alamomi da ke nuna cewa za ka iya daukar nauyin wannan cutar:
- Samun launin fata
- Samun rawaya na ɓangaren fari daga idanunku
- Rashin hasara
- Fever
- Dark fitsari
- Jiɗa
- Vomiting
- Abun ciki na ciki
- Wulo
Kamuwa da cuta
Babu ciwon kamuwa da cuta a cikin ciwon hanta A, amma a cikin hepatitis B, akwai. Lokacin da ka samu ciwon hauka A sau daya, ba za ka sake ba. A gefe guda, don hepatitis B, akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta mai yawa kamar farawa daga haihuwa. A Amurka, kimanin mutane 2000 zuwa 4000 sun mutu a wannan yanayin a kowace shekara. Akwai bambance-bambance, duk da haka, tsakanin yadda nau'i biyu suke cutar da hanta.
A Jiyya
Babu magani na musamman don waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta. Kula da aka yi amfani da shi don ciwon hauka A yana taimakawa sosai.
Wannan ya hada da guje wa barasa domin wannan zai iya ciwo hanta ƙumburi. Ga wadanda ke da cutar ciwon hawan hepatitis B, neman taimakon likita dole ne. Wannan ya hada da nazarin lafiyar hanta kowane watanni 6-12. Zaka iya amfani da magunguna masu magungunan lasisi masu magunguna kamar yadda magani ga HBV. Akwai shakka bambance-bambance a lura da su biyu tun lokacin da HBV yana bukatar taimakon likita don a warke. Ka ƙarfafa sanin ilimin hepatitis kuma kayi mafi kyau don kauce masa. Ko da yake ciwon hauka A da B sun raba wasu likitocin jiki, suna da nasarori masu ban mamaki.
Sources:
Cuthbert JA. Hepatitis A: tsofaffi da sababbin. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001 Jan; 14 (1): 38-58.
Liang TJ. Hepatitis B: cutar da cutar. Hepatology. 2009 Mayu; 49 (5 Gida): S13-21.