A kwanan nan, sakamakon sabon binciken, wanda aka kira jaridar Emotionliflozin na Juyin Halitta na Cutar Tsarin Lafiya ta Mugaba 2 (EMPA-REG OUTCOME), an buga su a New England Journal of Medicine . Kusan a lokaci ɗaya, an gabatar da sakamakon a Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai don nazarin Ciwon sukari (EASD) 2015 kuma an taru da wasu tarurruka masu yawa daga yawancin masu bincike a ƙarshen zamani.
Ko da yake wannan jarrabawa ne kawai ke nazarin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na 2, Ina tsammanin waɗannan sakamako zai iya zama mai canza canza wasan don gudanar da ciwon sukari a matsayin cikakke. Nazarin ba wai kawai ya nuna cewa magani, Empagliflozin ba shi da lafiya amma ya nuna cewa yana da yiwuwar rage saurin cututtuka na zuciya da sauri. Babu muhimmancin yin hakan ba saboda kimanin kashi 50 cikin dari na mutuwar a duniya ba daga ciwon sukari suna kai tsaye saboda cututtukan zuciya. Har sai wannan binciken, ba a nuna magungunan ciwon sukari guda ɗaya ba don rage cututtukan zuciya da na mace baki daya. Maimakon haka, yawancin magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance ciwon sukari ne kawai aka nuna su rage yawan rikitarwa na kwayoyin halitta; ciki har da rikice-rikice na tsawon lokaci na ciwon sukari da ke shafi kananan ƙwayoyin jini. Wadannan sune sun haɗa da cututtuka (lalacewa ga retina), nephropathy (lalacewa da kodan), da neuropathy (lalacewar jijiyoyin).
Empagliflozin shi ne mai haɗin gwicose co-transporter (SLGT-2). Irin wannan magani yana rage matakan glucose mai zurfin jini ta hanyar hana masu sufuri, wanda ake kira SGLT-2s, wanda zai haifar da zubar da glucose daga kodan cikin jini. A sakamakon wannan rikici, sukari wanda zai iya haifar da kundin glucose mai zurfin jini a maimakon haka ya rushe ɗakin bayan gida.
Bugu da ƙari, ga amfanar mafi yawan halayen haemoglobin A1C , wadannan kwayoyi ma sun haifar da asarar nauyi kuma ragewa a karfin jini.
Masu shinge SGLT-2 sun amince da FDA da dama ga masu ciwon sukari a farkon shekarar 2013 kuma sun hada da magunguna kamar Canagliflozin (Invokana), Dapagliflozin (Farxiga), da Empagliflozin (Jardiance).
Duk da yake ba a yarda da wadannan magungunan don ciwon sukari ba, ƙananan binciken sun nuna cewa masu hana SGLT-2 sun inganta glycemic control da kuma haifar da babban asarar nauyi a cikin marasa lafiya da irin 1 ciwon sukari. Duk da rashin amincewar FDA saboda wannan alamar, yawancin masu maganin ƙarshen halitta sun riga sun yi amfani da masu maganin SGLT-2 don magance marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari iri daya.
A cikin binciken EMPA-REG OUTCOME, manyan cututtuka masu cutar cututtukan zuciya sun ragu da kashi 14%. Har ma mafi mahimman labari shine cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, duk-dalilin da ya sa mutuwa da kuma asibiti don zuciya rashin ƙarfi sun rage ta fiye da kashi 30%. Babban girman wannan binciken (fiye da marasa lafiya 7000) ya sa damar samun sakamako mai ban mamaki sosai.
Har ila yau, ƙarfafa shi ne gano cewa ragewa a cikin mutuwa da asibiti sun fara da wuri a cikin binciken. Wannan yana nuna cewa karuwar sakamakon ba zai yiwu ba saboda ingantaccen sukari, karfin jini ko ƙididdigar nauyi, tun da sakamakon waɗannan canje-canje ana sa ran za su bayyana a tsawon lokaci.
Sabili da haka, akwai wani abu mai ban mamaki da kuma wataƙila mai haifar da abubuwa masu yawa wanda zai haifar da canje-canje a physiology.
Tambaya mafi mahimmanci da wannan binciken yake da ita shine ko wannan sakamako ne na cewa duk masu hana SGLT-2 suna samar da irin wannan sakamako na zuciya da zuciya ɗaya a cikin gwaji ko kuma tasirin da aka iyakance ga Empagliflozin? Wannan ya kasance a ƙayyade, amma na tabbata cewa irin wannan nazarin da ake amfani da Canagliflozin da Dapagliflozin ba zai iya zama a baya ba. Dakatar da saurare!